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Economic Growth And Military Expenditure In Developing Countries During Covid-19 Pandemic

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  • A.K. SUSILO
  • Dyah Wulan SARI
  • I Nengah PUTRA
  • N.A. PRATIWI

Abstract

This study aims to provide an analysis of military expenditure, political stability, and the total of the workforce on economic growth through the GDP during the COVID-19 pandemic. Cross-section data for 40 countries with upper-to-middle income levels was used to analyze the evolution for the periods 2010-2019 and 2019-2020. For the period 2010-2019, there was a general decrease in the percentage of Gross Domestic Product devoted to Military Expenditure, but the real value per capita increased in many countries, due to the effect of the increase of real production per capita. In the year 2020 the Pandemic diminished the real value of Military Expenditure in a few countries. Military expenditure, as well other components of Public Expenditure, and the total Labor Force/Workforces for 40 developing countries with upper-to-middle-income levels have shown a positive and significant impact on the value of GDP, which means that they encourage economic growth during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • A.K. SUSILO & Dyah Wulan SARI & I Nengah PUTRA & N.A. PRATIWI, 2022. "Economic Growth And Military Expenditure In Developing Countries During Covid-19 Pandemic," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 22(1), pages 19-38.
    • Handle: RePEc:eaa:aeinde:v:22:y:2022:i:1_2
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    1. João Jungo, 2024. "Institutions and economic growth: the role of financial inclusion, public spending on education and the military," Review of Economics and Political Science, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 9(3), pages 298-315, April.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Military Expenditure; Gross Domestic Product (GDP); the Total of Workforce; Ordinary Least Square (OLS).;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes
    • P44 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Other Economic Systems - - - National Income, Product, and Expenditure; Money; Inflation

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