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The Nexus of Outward Foreign Direct Investment and Income: Evidence from Singapore

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  • Chew Ging LEE

Abstract

This paper examines the relationship between economic growth and outward foreign direct investment (FDI) in Singapore with cointegration and Granger causality analyses. Although we find gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and outward FDI are cointegrated, there is no evidence of long run causality between these two variables because the coefficient of error correction term is either statistically insignificant or with wrong sign. With the standard Granger causality test, the results indicate that increased outward FDI leads to higher GDP per capita, but higher GDP per capita actually leads to a decline in outward FDI.

Suggested Citation

  • Chew Ging LEE, 2010. "The Nexus of Outward Foreign Direct Investment and Income: Evidence from Singapore," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 10(1).
    • Handle: RePEc:eaa:aeinde:v:10:y:2010:i:1_13
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    Cited by:

    1. Nicholas M. Odhiambo, 2022. "Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth in Kenya: An Empirical Investigation," International Journal of Public Administration, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(8), pages 620-631, June.
    2. Ciesielska, Dorota & Kołtuniak, Marcin, 2017. "Outward foreign direct investments and home country’s economic growth," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 482(C), pages 127-146.
    3. Rishika Nayyar & Jaydeep Mukherjee, 2018. "Outward FDI from India: A macro level examination in the presence of structural breaks," Working Papers 1833, Indian Institute of Foreign Trade.
    4. Muhammad Shahbaz & Samia Nasreen & Talat Afza, 2014. "Environmental Consequences of Economic Growth and Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from Panel Data Analysis," Bulletin of Energy Economics (BEE), The Economics and Social Development Organization (TESDO), vol. 2(2), pages 14-27, June.
    5. Rudra P. Pradhan & Mak B. Arvin & John H. Hall, 2019. "The Nexus Between Economic Growth, Stock Market Depth, Trade Openness, And Foreign Direct Investment: The Case Of Asean Countries," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 64(03), pages 461-493, June.
    6. Faisal Mehmood & Muhammad Atique & Wang Bing & Hameed Khan & Henna Henna, 2021. "Infrastructure and sectoral FDI in China: an empirical analysis," Insights into Regional Development, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, vol. 3(2), pages 160-175, June.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Granger Causality; Outward FDI; Income;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F20 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - General
    • O10 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - General

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