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Viele Geflüchtete brachten Berufserfahrung mit, aber nur ein Teil einen Berufsabschluss

Author

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  • Elisabeth Liebau
  • Zerrin Salikutluk

Abstract

Academic and professional qualifications play a crucial role when it comes to successfully integrating refugees and other migrants into society. What qualifications did migrants already acquire in their country of origin and which did they obtain in Germany? And to what extent are qualifications gained abroad recognized in Germany? The IAB-SOEP Migration Sample shows that the majority of the migrant groups studied in the present report completed their schooling abroad and already gained professional experience there. However, only a smaller share possess formal vocational qualifications. One-third of refugees and other migrants applied for foreign qualifications to be recognized in Germany. However, the recognition rate is low for refugees. For migrants to find work in Germany, it is crucial that the qualifications they bring with them are in demand on the German labor market. On the one hand, it is important that they learn German and invest in further training programs, and on the other, they should seek recognition of their academic and professional certificates in Germany. Schulische und berufliche Qualifikationen spielen eine entscheidende Rolle, wenn es darum geht, Geflüchtete und andere MigrantInnen erfolgreich in die Gesellschaft zu integrieren. Welche Qualifikationen haben MigrantInnen bereits im Herkunftsland erworben, welche in Deutschland? Und in welchem Maße können im Ausland erworbene Abschlüsse in Deutschland anerkannt werden? Mithilfe der IAB-SOEP-Migrationsbefragung lässt sich zeigen, dass der Großteil der in diesem Bericht untersuchten Gruppen von MigrantInnen die schulische Bildung im Ausland abschloss und dort bereits berufliche Erfahrungen sammelte. Nur ein Teil kann jedoch auch formale Berufsabschlüsse vorweisen. Ein Drittel der Geflüchteten und anderer MigrantInnen beantragt die Anerkennung ausländischer Abschlüsse, wobei die Anerkennungsquote aber insbesondere unter den Geflüchteten gering ist. Für MigrantInnen, die ihre Qualifikationen im Herkunftsland erwarben, ist mit Blick auf eine Arbeitsaufnahme in Deutschland entscheidend, dass sie über eine Qualifikation verfügen, die auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt nachgefragt wird. Grundsätzlich sollten sie einerseits die deutsche Sprache erlernen und in andere Bildungsmaßnahmen investieren und andererseits – sofern möglich – ihre schulischen und beruflichen Zertifikate in Deutschland anerkennen lassen.

Suggested Citation

  • Elisabeth Liebau & Zerrin Salikutluk, 2016. "Viele Geflüchtete brachten Berufserfahrung mit, aber nur ein Teil einen Berufsabschluss," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 83(35), pages 732-740.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwwob:83-35-3
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Hahn, Elisabeth & Richter, David & Schupp, Jürgen & Back, Mitja D., 2019. "Predictors of Refugee Adjustment: The Importance of Cognitive Skills and Personality," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 5(1[Art. no), pages 1-14.
    2. Herbert Brücker & Nina Rother & Jürgen Schupp (Hrsg.), 2016. "IAB-BAMF-SOEP-Befragung von Geflüchteten: Überblick und erste Ergebnisse," DIW Berlin: Politikberatung kompakt, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, volume 116, number pbk116.
    3. Janina Söhn & Milena Prekodravac, 2021. "Upward, Lateral, or Downward? Multiple Perspectives on Migrants’ Educational Mobilities," Social Inclusion, Cogitatio Press, vol. 9(1), pages 140-151.
    4. Boll, Christina & Lagemann, Andreas, 2019. "Das Erwerbsverhalten von Eltern mit Migrationshintergrund: SOEP-basierte Befunde und deren Implikationen für Hamburg. Kurzfassung," HWWI Policy Papers 113, Hamburg Institute of International Economics (HWWI).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Refugees; education acquisition; human capital; recognition of foreign degrees;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F22 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Migration
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity

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