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Forschung und Entwicklung in der Industrie: Unternehmen stehen besser da denn je

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  • Alexander Eickelpasch

Abstract

In 2008 and 2009, during the economic crisis, Germany’s industrial enterprises invested considerably less in research and development (R&D). From 2010 to 2013, investments increased markedly again by an annual growth rate of 6.8 percent. This increase can be partly traced back to the process of catching-up after the crisis. Considering the period 2008 to 2013 research expenditures increased by annually 3.2 percent. Spending related to added value also increased. The research-intensive sectors were primarily responsible for these increases. The larger firms with 250 or more employees expanded their R&D spending considerably, while small and medium-sized enterprises (20 to 249 employees) reduced investment slightly — possibly also because higher government R & D funding during the crisis was scaled back after 2012. Consequently, R&D spending has not increased across the board. Overall, however, manufacturing in Germany is heading in the right direction with strong R & D growth putting it on a more solid footing than in other European countries. Die Industrieunternehmen in Deutschland haben während der Wirtschaftskrise der Jahre 2008 und 2009 deutlich weniger in Forschung und Entwicklung (FuE) investiert. In den Jahren 2010 bis 2013 sind diese Ausgaben aber wieder deutlich gestiegen, um jahresdurchschnittlich 6,8 Prozent. Ein Teil davon ging jedoch auf den Aufholprozess nach dem krisenbedingten Einbruch zurück. Betrachtet man die Jahre 2008 bis 2013, nahmen die FuE-Ausgaben jedes Jahr um durchschnittlich 3,2 Prozent zu. Auch die FuE-Intensität, also die Aufwendungen bezogen auf die Wertschöpfung, stieg. Für den Zuwachs verantwortlich waren in erster Linie die forschungsintensiven Branchen. Die größeren Unternehmen mit 250 und mehr Beschäftigten haben ihre FuE-Ausgaben deutlich ausgeweitet, kleine und mittlere Unternehmen (20 bis 249 Beschäftigte) hingegen leicht reduziert – möglicherweise auch deshalb, weil die während der Krise höhere staatliche FuE-Förderung nach 2012 zurückgefahren wurde. Damit hat die Entwicklung zwar an Breite verloren. Alles in allem befindet sich die deutsche Industrie mit dem kräftigen FuE-Aufwuchs jedoch auf einem guten Weg und schneidet – zumindest im europäischen Vergleich – besser ab als andere Länder.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexander Eickelpasch, 2015. "Forschung und Entwicklung in der Industrie: Unternehmen stehen besser da denn je," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 82(31), pages 695-708.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwwob:82-31-1
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Stefan Sauer & Arno Städtler, 2016. "Eine Vielzahl von Faktoren dämpft Investitionsdynamik und Leasing," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 69(06), pages 47-50, March.
    2. Stefan Sauer & Arno Städtler, 2016. "Moderates Wachstum der Ausrüstungsinvestitionen – 2016 geringere Dynamik erwartet," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 69(01), pages 25-28, January.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Research and Development; Manufacturing; Business Cycle;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
    • L60 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - General
    • D24 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Production; Cost; Capital; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity; Capacity

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