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Geschlechtsspezifische Rentenlücke in Ost und West

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  • Anika Rasner

Abstract

Now, 25 years after the fall of the Wall, eastern and western German men are receiving similar state pensions, a main pillar in the system of old age provision in Germany. In contrast, the average pension paid to eastern German women far exceeds that of their western German counterparts. A cohort comparison shows a narrowing of the gender gap when it comes to pension entitlements in eastern Germany. This decline is less a result of higher pension entitlements among eastern German women and more a consequence of significant losses among eastern German men. In western Germany, however, the pension gender gap will remain consistently high throughout the cohort comparison. Western German women born in the baby boom years have only managed to narrow the gender gap to a limited extent despite their increasing labor participation. The present analysis first compares the development of average pension payments received by pensioners in eastern and western Germany who retired between 1993 and 2013. A cohort comparison analyzes the extent to which the existing east-west differences, particularly among women, are likely to continue into the future. 25 Jahre nach dem Mauerfall kommen Männer in Ost- und Westdeutschland in der wichtigsten Säule des deutschen Alterssicherungssystems auf ein vergleichbares Niveau. Im Durchschnitt übertreffen die Renten ostdeutscher Frauen die der Westdeutschen hingegen deutlich. Die geschlechtsspezifischen Unterschiede in den Rentenanwartschaften ostdeutscher Männer und Frauen werden im Kohortenvergleich geringer. Dieser Rückgang ist allerdings weniger das Ergebnis höherer Rentenanwartschaften ostdeutscher Frauen, sondern eher Folge deutlicher Einbußen bei den ostdeutschen Männern. Trotz allem werden die Rentenanwartschaften ostdeutscher Frauen auch in Zukunft deutlich höher als die westdeutscher Frauen liegen. In Westdeutschland bleibt die geschlechtsspezifische Rentenlücke im Kohortenvergleich hingegen konstant groß. Die westdeutschen Frauen der Babyboomer-Jahrgänge können den Abstand zu den Männern trotz zunehmender Erwerbsbeteiligung nur unwesentlich verkleinern. Für den vorliegenden Bericht wurden zunächst die Entwicklung der durchschnittlichen Zahlbeträge von Altersrentnern und Altersrentnerinnen im Rentenzugang für den Zeitraum von 1993 bis 2013 für Ost- und Westdeutschland verglichen. Inwieweit die bestehenden Ost-West Differenzenvor allem bei Frauen auch in der Zukunft Bestand haben, wird in einem Kohortenvergleich analysiert.

Suggested Citation

  • Anika Rasner, 2014. "Geschlechtsspezifische Rentenlücke in Ost und West," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 81(40), pages 976-985.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwwob:81-40-6
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Statutory pension insurance; East-West comparison; Babyboomer; SOEP; projection;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J14 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of the Elderly; Economics of the Handicapped; Non-Labor Market Discrimination
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J26 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Retirement; Retirement Policies

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