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EU-Finanztransaktionssteuer und ihre Auswirkung auf Einkommens- und Vermögensverteilung

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  • Dorothea Schäfer

Abstract

In 2013 the European Commission presented a draft for a directive to introduce the financial transaction tax among eleven member states. The tax targets financial institutes among which 85 percent of the trading occurs. However, households owning stocks, bonds and shares of funds are also directly affected if they deal with these instruments. Accurate data on the participation rates of households of different wealth classes on tax-relevant securities and turnover rates are necessary to determine the class-specific tax burden. Because of the lack of such data the affection of households belonging to different wealth classes can only be estimated. The estimations suggest that the more wealthy households own disproportionally often tax-relevant securities. A progressive impact insofar as the tax affects the upper wealth classes far more than the lower classes can be infered from this evidence. Therefore the tax could contribute to social sustainability. Die Europäische Kommission hat 2013 einen Richtlinienentwurf vorgestellt, der die Einführung der Finanztransaktionssteuer für elf Mitgliedsstaaten vorsieht. Die Steuer zielt auf Finanzinstitute, zwischen denen 85 Prozent des Handels mit Finanzinstrumenten stattfindet. Privathaushalte sind nur insofern direkt von der Steuer betroffen, als sie steuerrelevante Wertpapiere besitzen (Aktien, Anleihen und Fondsanteile) und diese handeln. Um die Steuerlast für die Privathaushalte der unterschiedlichen Vermögens- und Einkommensklassen exakt bestimmen zu können, sind Daten zu deren Partizipationsraten an den steuerrelevanten Wertpapieren sowie zur jeweiligen Umschlagshäufigkeiten notwendig. Solche Daten existieren nicht. Geeignete Indikatoren erlauben es jedoch, die Betroffenheit der Haushalte in den einzelnen Einkommens- und Vermögensklassen durch die Finanztransaktionssteuer abzuschätzen. Die Befunde lassen auf einen überproportional hohen steuerrelevanten Wertpapierbesitz in den oberen Einkommens- und Vermögensschichten schließen. Die Steuer wirkt somit progressiv insofern, als sie die oberen Einkommens- und Vermögensklassen überdurchschnittlich belastet. Damit trägt sie zur sozialen Nachhaltigkeit im Sinne einer fairen und verteilungsgerechten Gesellschaft bei.

Suggested Citation

  • Dorothea Schäfer, 2013. "EU-Finanztransaktionssteuer und ihre Auswirkung auf Einkommens- und Vermögensverteilung," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 82(1), pages 177-190.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:82-1-11
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.82.1.177
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dorothea Schäfer & Marlene Karl, 2012. "Finanztransaktionssteuer: ökonomische und fiskalische Effekte der Einführung einer Finanztransaktionssteuer für Deutschland; Forschungsprojekt im Auftrag der SPD-Fraktion im Bundestag," DIW Berlin: Politikberatung kompakt, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, volume 64, number pbk64.
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      Keywords

      European Union; financial transactions; tax burden; social sustainability;
      All these keywords.

      JEL classification:

      • G20 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - General
      • H21 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
      • H22 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Incidence
      • H23 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies

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