Author
Abstract
Die Frage nach der bestmöglichen Ausgestaltung von Finanzsystemen, ob eher bank- oder marktbasiert, hat eine lange Geschichte. Es lassen sich vier Phase der Debatte unterscheiden: Vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg, in der Konkurrenz zwischen Deutschland und England, beginnt die Debatte. Über das gesamte Spektrum hinweg, vom liberalen Adolf Weber bis zum marxistischen Rudolf Hilferding und dem eklektischen Joseph Schumpeter, wurden Vergleiche angestellt, und die heterogenen Autoren kamen zu ähnlichen Einschätzungen. Während des Kalten Krieges wurde im Systemkonflikt zum sowjetisch-russischen Modell Alexander Gerschenkrons Darstellung der Vorteile von Rückständigkeit einflussreich. Nach den 1990er Jahren führte die Diskussion im Zusammenhang mit dem Varieties of Capitalism-Ansatz, geprägt von Ross Levine, zu einem Konsens, bei dem verschiedene Finanzsysteme in ihren breiteren institutionellen Kontext verstanden wurden. Die aktuelle Diskussion versucht, die Überlegenheit der Kapitalmärkte zu beweisen und verweist auf das amerikanische System als Vorbild. Die Basel-Regulierung, die geplante Kapitalmarktunion, der Sustainable-Finance-Ansatz in der EU und die Entwicklung eines digitalen Euros werden alle von dieser Idealvorstellung geleitet und die Argumente aus früheren Phasen der Debatte werden vernachlässigt. Trans-Abstract: The question of the optimal design of financial systems, whether more bank-based or more market-based, has a long history. Four phases of the discussion can be distinguished: Before World War I, in the rivalry between Germany and England, the debate begins. Across the spectrum, from the liberal Adolf Weber to the Marxist Rudolf Hilferding and the eclectic Joseph Schumpeter, comparisons were made, and the heterogenous authors arrived at similar assessments. During the Cold War, in contrast to the Soviet-Russian model, Alexander Gerschenkron’s depiction with the advantages of backwardness became influential. After the 1990s and in line with the Varieties of Capitalism approach, the discussion led by Ross Levine resulted in a consensus where different financial systems were embedded in their broader institutional context. The current discussion attempts to prove the superiority of capital markets, pointing to the American system as example.
Suggested Citation
Jan Greitens, 2024.
"Disintermediation? Herkunft und Zukunft des bank-basierten Finanzsystems,"
Vierteljahreshefte zur Arbeits- und Wirtschaftsforschung, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, vol. 1(2), pages 185-204.
Handle:
RePEc:dah:aeqvaw:v1_y2024_i2_q2_p185-204
DOI: 10.3790/vaw.1.2.185
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Keywords
B26;
G20;
O16;
All these keywords.
JEL classification:
- B26 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought since 1925 - - - Financial Economics
- G20 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - General
- O16 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance
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