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Spanish Civilian Labour for Germany During the Second World War?

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  • Golson, Eric

Abstract

For political reasons, the Spanish dictator Francisco Franco limited the number of civilian Spanish workers sent to Germany during the Second World War. Despite agreeing to send 100,000, the number of workers never exceeded 9,550. Their impact on the German war economy was small. This paper demonstrates that, in limiting worker transfers, Franco went against his own economic incentives, considering that the Spanish government was taking a commission from the workers’ remittances. By limiting the number of workers sent, Franco satisfied the Allies’ pressure to minimise cooperation with Germany. In support of this argument, this article offers updated estimates for the number of workers, their skill levels and remittances. It also provides the first estimates of Spanish costs and income from the programme. Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, el dictador español Francisco Franco limitó, por razones políticas, el número de trabajadores civiles españoles enviados a Alemania. Aunque se pactó el envío de 100.000 trabajadores a Alemania, el número actual nunca superó los 9.550. Consecuentemente, el impacto de trabajadores españoles en la economía de guerra alemana fue bajo. Este artículo muestra que, limitando las transferencias de trabajadores a Alemania, Francisco Franco estaba actuando en contra a sus propios incentivos económicos, ya que el Gobierno de España recibía una comisión de las remesas. Al limitar el número de trabajadores, Franco cedió a la presión aliada, que estimulaba minimizar la cooperación con Alemania. Para dar soporte a este argumento, éste artículo ofrece estimaciones actualizadas del número de trabajadores, sus calificaciones y sus remesas. El artículo también brinda las primeras estimaciones del coste y beneficio de este programa para el Gobierno español.

Suggested Citation

  • Golson, Eric, 2013. "Spanish Civilian Labour for Germany During the Second World War?," Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 31(1), pages 145-170, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:cup:reveco:v:31:y:2013:i:01:p:145-170_00
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