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Bank Branching Deregulation and the Syndicated Loan Market

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  • Keil, Jan
  • Müller, Karsten

Abstract

How do changes in banking regulation affect the syndicated loan market? Because branch networks and loan syndication both enable banks to diversify geographical credit risk, we investigate the staggered implementation of the Riegle–Neal Interstate Branching and Banking Efficiency Act of 1994. Exploiting that the act only changed the legal framework for out-of-state commercial banks, we find that branching deregulation decreased syndicated loan issuance but spurred bilateral lending to corporations. Consistent with a supply-driven substitution effect, this shift is also reflected in interest rate spreads. Our results suggest that changes to banking regulation can substantially alter credit allocation across loan types.

Suggested Citation

  • Keil, Jan & Müller, Karsten, 2020. "Bank Branching Deregulation and the Syndicated Loan Market," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 55(4), pages 1269-1303, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:jfinqa:v:55:y:2020:i:4:p:1269-1303_7
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    Cited by:

    1. Liang, Yunjia & Zhou, Bo & Zhao, Shaoyang, 2024. "Risking or de-risking? The effect of banking competition on large state-owned banks and small and medium-sized enterprise lending: Evidence from China," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    2. Hasan, Iftekhar & Shen, Yi & Yuan, Xiaojing, 2021. "Local product market competition and bank loans," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    3. Chronopoulos, Dimitris K. & Wilson, John O.S. & Yilmaz, Muhammed H., 2023. "Regulatory oversight and bank risk," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    4. De Novellis, G. & Musile Tanzi, P. & Ranalli, M.G. & Stanghellini, E., 2024. "Leveraged finance exposure in the banking system: Systemic risk and interconnectedness," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    5. Iñaki Aldasoro & Sebastian Doerr & Haonan Zhou, 2022. "Non-bank lenders in the syndicated loan market," BIS Quarterly Review, Bank for International Settlements, March.
    6. Wagner, Wolf & Lambert, Thomas & Zhang, Eden Quxian, 2020. "Banks, Political Capital, and Growth," CEPR Discussion Papers 15612, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    7. Keil, Jan & Ongena, Steven, 2024. "The demise of branch banking – Technology, consolidation, bank fragility," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    8. Wang, Chaochao & Dong, Yan & Ge, Ran, 2023. "Bank branching deregulation and the credit risk of the regional banking sector: Evidence from city commercial banks in China," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    9. Li, Shengfeng & Han, Liang & Mi, Biao, 2024. "The effects of banking market structure on corporate cash holdings and the value of cash," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    10. Keil, Jan, 2023. "Lending relationships when creditors are in control," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    11. Xin Chen & Heyang Fang & Yun Liu & Yifei Zhang, 2022. "Does Chinese policy banks' overseas lending favor Belt Road Initiative countries?," International Studies of Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(4), pages 430-458, December.
    12. Taskin, Ahmet Ali & Yaman, Firat, 2023. "The effect of branching deregulation on finance wage premium," FAU Discussion Papers in Economics 08/2023, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Institute for Economics.
    13. Thomas Lambert & Wolf Wagner & Eden Quxian Zhang, 2023. "Banks, Political Capital, and Growth," The Review of Corporate Finance Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 12(3), pages 613-655.

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