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Hometown Biased Acquisitions

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  • Jiang, Feng
  • Qian, Yiming
  • Yonker, Scott E.

Abstract

We show that chief executive officers (CEOs) exhibit a hometown bias in acquisitions. Firms are over twice as likely to acquire targets located in the states of their CEOs’ childhood homes than similar targets domiciled elsewhere. Small, private home-state deals underperform other small, private deals, and the bias is stronger when acquirer governance is lax, suggesting that CEOs acquire private home-state targets for their own benefits. In contrast, large, public home-state acquisitions are value enhancing. CEOs create value in public home-state acquisitions by avoiding extremely poor deals and through deals with higher synergies. Thus, both agency issues and hometown advantages drive home-state acquisitions.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiang, Feng & Qian, Yiming & Yonker, Scott E., 2019. "Hometown Biased Acquisitions," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 54(5), pages 2017-2051, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:jfinqa:v:54:y:2019:i:05:p:2017-2051_00
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    Cited by:

    1. Long, Zhineng & Xuan, Wenshuang & Zhang, Yanyu, 2023. "The dilemma of hometown identity: Evidence from Chinese corporate cost behavior," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    2. Liang, Quanxi & Jin, Qi & Lu, Meiting & Shan, Yaowen, 2023. "When school ties meet geography: Education-province bias in mutual fund portfolios," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    3. Peng, Qiuping & Zhou, Huaikang, 2024. "Chinese land complex: Hometown ties and corporate land acquisition," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    4. Bick, Patty & Flugum, Ryan, 2022. "Money isn't everything: Compensation of locally educated executives," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    5. Del Gaudio, Belinda Laura & Gallo, Serena & Previtali, Daniele, 2024. "Exploring the drivers of investment in Fintech: Board composition and home bias in banking," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    6. Chen, Jing & Hu, Peiwen & Liu, Shan & Liu, Xinghe, 2024. "Too scared to make mistakes at home: CEO hometown identity and corporate risk-taking," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 70(PB).
    7. Ding, Haoyuan & Hu, Yichuan & Kim, Kenneth A. & Xie, Mi, 2023. "Relationship-based debt financing of Chinese private sector firms: The role of social connections to banks versus political connections," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    8. Yi Li & Dehua Shen & Pengfei Wang & Wei Zhang, 2021. "Investor reactions to local and overseas news: Evidence from A‐ and H‐shares in China," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(3), pages 4190-4225, July.
    9. Amore, Mario Daniele & Bennedsen, Morten & Larsen, Birthe, 2022. "Neighborhood CEOs," CEPR Discussion Papers 17333, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
      • Amore, Mario Daniele & Bennedsen, Morten & Larsen, Birthe, 2022. "Neighborhood CEOs," Working Papers 10-2022, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Economics.
    10. Li, Chang & Yang, Lianxing, 2020. "Import to invest: Impact of cultural goods on cross-border mergers and acquisitions," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 354-364.
    11. Gu, Ming & Li, Dongxu & Ni, Xiaoran, 2022. "Too much to learn? The (un)intended consequences of RegTech development on mergers and acquisitions," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    12. Reio Tanji, 2022. "Pitch Call Discrimination in Major League Baseball: The Effect on the Observed Performance and the Salaries," Discussion Papers in Economics and Business 22-02, Osaka University, Graduate School of Economics.
    13. Antonio Marra & Angela Pettinicchio & Ron Shalev, 2024. "Home Sweet Home: CEOs Acquiring Firms in Their Birth Countries," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 62(4), pages 1363-1404, September.
    14. Liu, Xiaoling & Wu, Yuhui & Zhang, Huan, 2023. "Collateral-based monetary policy and corporate employment: Evidence from Medium-term Lending Facility in China," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    15. Suin Lee & Christos Pantzalis & Jung Chul Park, 2024. "Interstate migration‐based social networks and M&A decisions," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 59(1), pages 113-153, February.
    16. Shenggang Ren & Yue Wang & Yucai Hu & Ji Yan, 2021. "CEO hometown identity and firm green innovation," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(2), pages 756-774, February.
    17. Ren, Shenggang & Cheng, Yingmei & Hu, Yucai & Yin, Chao, 2021. "Feeling right at home: Hometown CEOs and firm innovation," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    18. Li, Wei & Wang, Xin & Zhang, Haofei, 2024. "The role of distance and financial development: Evidence from international financial markets," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    19. Guo, Lian & Peng, Diefeng & Rao, Yulei & Zhuang, Zili, 2023. "Visiting monks: Are nonlocal CEOs paid more?☆," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    20. Tang, Linjia & Guo, Yingying & Zha, Jianfeng & Zheng, Weiwei, 2024. "Acquiescence or Redemption: CEO’s early-life experience of environmental pollution and corporate green innovation," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    21. Ding, Haoyuan & Hu, Yichuan & Li, Chang & Lin, Shu, 2021. "CEO country-specific experience and cross-border mergers and acquisitions," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    22. Fu, Fanjie & Fang, Jing & Zhang, Fan & Yao, Shujie & Ou, Jinghua, 2024. "CEOs' hometown connections and corporate risk-taking: Evidence from China," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    23. Chen Jiachun & Hou Qingsong & Li Shanmin, 2024. "Rent‐seeking or value‐creating? The impact of managerial autonomy from state‐built corporate pyramids on M&A performance," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 64(4), pages 4359-4391, December.
    24. Chen, Jing & Hong, Junjie & Zhong, Weifeng & Wang, Chengqi & Liu, Xinghe, 2024. "Doing right at home: Do hometown CEOs curb corporate misconduct?11Chengqi Wang acknowledges the financial support of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 72332005). Xinghe Liu acknowledge," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).

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