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Pension Deficits and the Design of Private Debt Contracts

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  • Balachandran, Balasingham
  • Duong, Huu Nhan
  • Vu, Van Hoang

Abstract

We find a positive relation between the amount of pension deficits and the cost of bank loans. The effect of pension deficits on the cost of bank loans is driven by financial constraints, information-asymmetry problems, and higher pension-investment risk. Banks tighten lending terms for firms with larger pension deficits by requiring collateral, increasing the number of loan covenants, and shortening loan maturity. Borrowers with larger pension deficits are also more likely to violate covenants in the future. Collectively, these findings indicate that pension deficits represent an additional source of risk priced by banks.

Suggested Citation

  • Balachandran, Balasingham & Duong, Huu Nhan & Vu, Van Hoang, 2019. "Pension Deficits and the Design of Private Debt Contracts," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 54(4), pages 1821-1854, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:jfinqa:v:54:y:2019:i:04:p:1821-1854_00
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    Cited by:

    1. Celil, Hursit S. & Julio, Brandon & Selvam, Srinivasan, 2023. "Investment sensitivity to lender default shocks," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    2. Goto, Shingo & Yanase, Noriyoshi, 2023. "Corporate governance and shareholder-employee risk-shifting: Evidence from corporate pension plan sponsors," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(PA).
    3. Liu, Haiming & Chiang, Yao-Min, 2024. "Employment protection and environmental corporate social responsibility: Evidence from China," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    4. Sagarika Mishra & Michael T. Ewing & Holly B. Cooper, 2022. "Artificial intelligence focus and firm performance," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 50(6), pages 1176-1197, November.
    5. Almaghrabi, Khadija S., 2023. "Non‐operating risk and cash holdings: Evidence from pension risk," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    6. Khadija S. Almaghrabi & Kwaku Opong & Ioannis Tsalavoutas, 2021. "Compliance with pension‐related mandatory disclosures and debt financing," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 48(1-2), pages 148-184, January.
    7. Amanjot Singh & Harminder Singh, 2022. "Shareholder response to pension deficit: evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 46(3), pages 566-574, July.
    8. Shen, Carl Hsin-han & Zhang, Hao, 2020. "What's good for you is good for me: The effect of CEO inside debt on the cost of equity," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).

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