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An Empirical Examination of Call Option Values Implicit in U.S. Corporate Bonds

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  • King, Tao-Hsien Dolly

Abstract

This study examines call option values implicit in U.S. corporate bonds from 1973 to 1994. The average call option value is 2.25% of par. Over time, call values remain close to zero until one year before the first call date, reach a maximum at the beginning of the callable period, and slowly decrease thereafter. The determinants of call values are examined. The results show that bonds of firms that have called aggressively in the past have larger call values. Additionally, lower interest rates, smaller slopes of the yield curve, and higher interest rate volatility lead to larger call values. The results also show that call values increase with time to maturity in the callable period but decrease with time to maturity in the call protection period. Lower rated, higher coupon bonds have larger call values. There is no evidence that the length of the call protection period affects call values.

Suggested Citation

  • King, Tao-Hsien Dolly, 2002. "An Empirical Examination of Call Option Values Implicit in U.S. Corporate Bonds," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 37(4), pages 693-721, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:jfinqa:v:37:y:2002:i:04:p:693-721_00
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    Cited by:

    1. King, Tao-Hsien Dolly, 2007. "Are embedded calls valuable? Evidence from agency bonds," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 57-79, January.
    2. Petrasek, Lubomir, 2010. "Multimarket trading and the cost of debt: evidence from global bonds," Working Paper Series 1212, European Central Bank.
    3. Kim, Dong H. & Stock, Duane, 2012. "Impact of the TARP financing choice on existing preferred stock," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 18(5), pages 1121-1142.
    4. Kim, Jong-Min & Kim, Dong H. & Jung, Hojin, 2021. "Estimating yield spreads volatility using GARCH-type models," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    5. Liu, Liang-Chih & Dai, Tian-Shyr & Wang, Chuan-Ju, 2016. "Evaluating corporate bonds and analyzing claim holders’ decisions with complex debt structure," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 151-174.
    6. Kim, Dong H. & Stock, Duane, 2014. "The effect of interest rate volatility and equity volatility on corporate bond yield spreads: A comparison of noncallables and callables," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 20-35.
    7. Bryan Stanhouse & Duane Stock, 2008. "Managing the risk of loan prepayments and the optimal structure of short term lending rates," Annals of Finance, Springer, vol. 4(2), pages 197-215, March.
    8. Samih Azar, 2015. "Why Callable Bonds Are not Called When the Market Price Reaches the Call Price: A Duration Argument," International Journal of Business and Management, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 11(1), pages 1-90, December.

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