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Farm Product Prices, Redistribution, and the Early U.S. Great Depression

Author

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  • Hausman, Joshua K.
  • Rhode, Paul W.
  • Wieland, Johannes F.

Abstract

We argue that falling farm product prices, incomes, and spending may explain 10–30 percent of the 1930 U.S. output decline. Crop prices collapsed, reducing farmers’ incomes. And across U.S. states and Ohio counties, auto sales fell most in crop-growing areas. The large spending response may be explained by farmers’ indebtedness. Reasonable assumptions about the marginal propensity to spend of farmers relative to nonfarmers and the pass-through of farm prices to retail prices imply that the collapse of farm product prices in 1930 was a powerful propagation mechanism worsening the Depression.

Suggested Citation

  • Hausman, Joshua K. & Rhode, Paul W. & Wieland, Johannes F., 2021. "Farm Product Prices, Redistribution, and the Early U.S. Great Depression," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 81(3), pages 649-687, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:jechis:v:81:y:2021:i:3:p:649-687_1
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    Cited by:

    1. Myles, Jamieson, 2024. "Accommodating Agriculture within U.S. Capitalism: Cotton, Cooperatives, and Intermediate Trade Finance in the Early Twentieth Century," Working Papers unige:181156, University of Geneva, Paul Bairoch Institute of Economic History.
    2. Gauti B. Eggertsson & Sergey K. Egiev, 2024. "Liquidity Traps: A Unified Theory of the Great Depression and Great Recession," NBER Working Papers 33195, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • E65 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Studies of Particular Policy Episodes
    • N12 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations - - - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
    • N52 - Economic History - - Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment and Extractive Industries - - - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
    • Q11 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Aggregate Supply and Demand Analysis; Prices
    • Q12 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets

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