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Struggles for Recognition: The Liberal International Order and the Merger of Its Discontents

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  • Adler-Nissen, Rebecca
  • Zarakol, Ayşe

Abstract

The Liberal International Order (LIO) is currently being undermined not only by states such as Russia but also by voters in the West. We argue that both veins of discontent are driven by resentment toward the LIO's status hierarchy, rather than simply by economic grievances. Approaching discontent historically and sociologically, we show that there are two strains of recognition struggles against the LIO: one in the core of the West, driven by populist politicians and their voters, and one on the semiperiphery, fueled by competitively authoritarian governments and their supporters. At this particular moment in history, these struggles are digitally, ideologically, and organizationally interconnected in their criticism of LIO institutions, amplifying each other. The LIO is thus being hollowed out from within at a time when it is also facing some of its greatest external challenges.

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  • Adler-Nissen, Rebecca & Zarakol, Ayşe, 2021. "Struggles for Recognition: The Liberal International Order and the Merger of Its Discontents," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 75(2), pages 611-634, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:intorg:v:75:y:2021:i:2:p:611-634_16
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    Cited by:

    1. Ecker-Ehrhardt, Matthias, 2024. "Building bridges or digging the trench? International organizations, social media, and polarized fragmentation," Global Cooperation Research Papers 34, University of Duisburg-Essen, Käte Hamburger Kolleg / Centre for Global Cooperation Research (KHK/GCR21).
    2. Senem Aydın‐Düzgit & Gergana Noutcheva, 2022. "External Contestations of Europe: Russia and Turkey as Normative Challengers?," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 60(6), pages 1815-1831, November.
    3. Wil Hout & Michal Onderco, 2022. "Developing Countries and the Crisis of the Liberal International Order," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 10(2), pages 1-5.
    4. Aaron McKeil, 2022. "Revisiting the World Order Models Project: A Case for Renewal?," Global Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 13(4), pages 417-426, September.

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