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Built on Borders: Tensions with the Institution Liberalism (Thought It) Left Behind

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  • Simmons, Beth A.
  • Goemans, Hein E.

Abstract

The Liberal International Order is in crisis. While the symptoms are clear to many, the deep roots of this crisis remain obscured. We propose that the Liberal International Order is in tension with the older Sovereign Territorial Order, which is founded on territoriality and borders to create group identities, the territorial state, and the modern international system. The Liberal International Order, in contrast, privileges universality at the expense of groups and group rights. A recognition of this fundamental tension makes it possible to see that some crises that were thought to be unconnected have a common cause: the neglect of the coordinating power of borders. We sketch out new research agendas to show how this tension manifests itself in a broad range of phenomena of interest.

Suggested Citation

  • Simmons, Beth A. & Goemans, Hein E., 2021. "Built on Borders: Tensions with the Institution Liberalism (Thought It) Left Behind," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 75(2), pages 387-410, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:intorg:v:75:y:2021:i:2:p:387-410_8
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    Cited by:

    1. Hulvey, Rachel A, 2022. "Cyber Sovereignty: How China is Changing the Rules of Internet Freedom," Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation, Working Paper Series qt7sg3716k, Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation, University of California.
    2. Michael R Kenwick & Beth A Simmons & Richard J McAlexander, 2024. "Infrastructure and authority at the state’s edge: The Border Crossings of the World dataset," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 61(3), pages 500-510, May.

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