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Democratic states and international disputes

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  • Gowa, Joanne

Abstract

A growing literature in international relations concludes that democratic states pursue distinctive foreign policies. Specifically, democracies do not engage each other in war and only rarely engage each other in serious disputes short of war. Scholars have offered three basic explanations to support these findings. Each of the three invokes a different explanatory variable: norms, checks and balances, and trade. None of the three, however, provides a convincing explanation of the peace that is said to prevail between democratic polities: the distinction between norms and interests is unclear; substitutes for checks and balances exists in nondemocracies; and trade can deter conflict only under restrictive conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Gowa, Joanne, 1995. "Democratic states and international disputes," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 49(3), pages 511-522, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:intorg:v:49:y:1995:i:03:p:511-522_03
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    Cited by:

    1. H. E. Goemans, 2000. "Fighting for Survival," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 44(5), pages 555-579, October.
    2. Phillip Stalley, 2003. "Environmental Scarcity and International Conflict," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 20(2), pages 33-58, September.
    3. Alexandra Guisinger & Alastair Smith, 2002. "Honest Threats," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 46(2), pages 175-200, April.
    4. Hemda Ben-Yehuda, 1999. "Opportunity Crises: Framework and Findings, 1918-1994," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 17(1), pages 69-102, February.
    5. Christos Kollias & Suzanna-Maria Paleologou, 2017. "The Globalization and Peace Nexus: Findings Using Two Composite Indices," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 131(3), pages 871-885, April.
    6. Sambuddha Ghatak & Aaron Gold & Brandon C Prins, 2017. "External threat and the limits of democratic pacifism," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 34(2), pages 141-159, March.
    7. Thomas H. Johnson & Ronald J. Barnhart, 2020. "An Examination of Afghanistan’s 2018 Wolesi Jirga Elections: Chaos, Confusion and Fraud," Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs, , vol. 7(1), pages 57-100, April.
    8. Johann Park, 2013. "Forward to the future? The democratic peace after the Cold War," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 30(2), pages 178-194, April.

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