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Determining the need for issue linkages in multilateral trade negotiations

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  • Hoekman, Bernard M.

Abstract

In multilateral trade negotiations, trade-offs usually are made within the issue-areas that are on the agenda. In the absence of cross-issue trade-offs (linkages), agreement may not be possible. To maximize both the potential gains from trade and the scope for agreement, negotiators need to be willing and able to consider the feasibility of issue linkages. This raises the practical problem of determining when such trade-offs are likely to be necessary. Although quantitative methods of policy analysis have been developed, they have not been widely used by policymakers, in part owing to the fact that negotiations focus largely on nontariff measures. This article proposes a qualitative approach to the problem and applies it to the Tokyo and Uruguay Round negotiations on safeguards to protect domestic industries from problems related to increases in imports.

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  • Hoekman, Bernard M., 1989. "Determining the need for issue linkages in multilateral trade negotiations," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 43(4), pages 693-714, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:intorg:v:43:y:1989:i:04:p:693-714_03
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    Cited by:

    1. Hoekman, Bernard & Saggi, Kamal, 1999. "Multilateral disciplines for investment-related policies," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2138, The World Bank.
    2. Paul Poast, 2013. "Issue linkage and international cooperation: An empirical investigation," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 30(3), pages 286-303, July.
    3. Paul W. Thurner & Eric Linhart, 2004. "Political Multilevel Negotiations and Issue Linkage During an EU Intergovernmental Conference: An Empirical Application," Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, Springer, vol. 10(3), pages 243-266, November.
    4. Mette Eilstrup-Sangiovanni & Daniel Verdier, 2024. "To reform or to replace? Succession as a mechanism of institutional change in intergovernmental organisations," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 19(4), pages 691-719, October.
    5. Hillberry, Russell & Zurita, Carlos, 2020. "A Cross-country Assessment of Commitment Behavior in the Trade Facilitation Agreement," Conference papers 333183, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    6. Russell Hillberry & Carlos Zurita, 2022. "Commitment behaviour in the World Trade Organization's Trade Facilitation Agreement," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 45(1), pages 36-75, January.
    7. Antonina Djakona & Kaspars Kikste, 2023. "Baltic Black Sea Union Modeling: Factors And Perspectives," Baltic Journal of Economic Studies, Publishing house "Baltija Publishing", vol. 9(1).

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