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Social Norms after Conflict Exposure and Victimization by Violence: Experimental Evidence from Kosovo

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  • Mironova, Vera
  • Whitt, Sam

Abstract

An emerging literature points to the heterogeneous effects of violence on social norms and preferences in conflict-ridden societies. This article considers how responses to violence could be affected by in-group/out-group divisions. The research uses lab-in-the-field experiments to gauge norms for pro-social behavior in the aftermath of ethnic violence in post-war Kosovo. The study finds that one set of treatments (ethnicity) captures a negative legacy of violence on parochialism, while another (local/non-local) shows stronger evidence of pro-sociality and norm recovery. Examining individual variation in conflict exposure, it finds that victims of violence are more biased against ethnic out-groups and less pro-social to others outside of their local community. Balancing and matching on observables helps alleviate concerns that the results are driven by selection bias on victimization. Overall, the results suggest that the effects of violence may be contingent on the salience of in-group/out-group cues and boundaries.

Suggested Citation

  • Mironova, Vera & Whitt, Sam, 2018. "Social Norms after Conflict Exposure and Victimization by Violence: Experimental Evidence from Kosovo," British Journal of Political Science, Cambridge University Press, vol. 48(3), pages 749-765, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:bjposi:v:48:y:2018:i:03:p:749-765_00
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    1. Vesco, P. & Baliki, G. & Brück, T. & Döring, S. & Eriksson, A. & Fjelde, H. & Guha-Sapir, D. & Hall, J. & Knutsen, C. H. & Leis, M. R. & Mueller, H. & Rauh, C. & Rudolfsen, I. & Swain, A. & Timlick,, 2024. "The Impacts of Armed Conflict on Human Development: A Review of the Literature," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 2462, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
    2. Gustav Agneman, 2022. "Conflict Victimization and Civilian Obedience: Evidence from Colombia," HiCN Working Papers 379, Households in Conflict Network.
    3. Cheng, Zhiming & Tani, Massimiliano & Torgler, Benno, 2023. "Is there hope after despair? An analysis of trust among China's Cultural Revolution survivors," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    4. Lars-Erik Cederman & Simon Hug & Livia I. Schubiger & Francisco Villamil, 2020. "Civilian Victimization and Ethnic Civil War," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 64(7-8), pages 1199-1225, August.
    5. Restrepo-Plaza, Lina & Fatas, Enrique, 2022. "When ingroup favoritism is not the social norm a lab-in-the-field experiment with victims and non-victims of conflict in Colombia," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 363-383.
    6. Schutte, Sebastian & Ruhe, Constantin & Linke, Andrew, 2020. "How indiscriminate violence fuels religious conflict: Evidence from Kenya," SocArXiv kngq2, Center for Open Science.
    7. Shelley Liu, 2023. "Legacies of victimization: Evidence from forced resettlement in Zimbabwe," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2023-13, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    8. Muhsin Ali & Karim Khan, 2023. "Violent Conflict and Informal Institutions: Evidence from a Civil Conflict in Pakistan (Article)," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 62(2), pages 235-264.
    9. Akisato Suzuki & Djordje Stefanovic & Neophytos Loizides, 2021. "Displacement and the expectation of political violence: Evidence from Bosnia," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 38(5), pages 561-579, September.
    10. Whitt, Sam & Wilson, Rick K. & Mironova, Vera, 2021. "Inter-group contact and out-group altruism after violence," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    11. Vesco, P. & Baliki, G. & Brück, T. & Döring, S. & Eriksson, A. & Fjelde, H. & Guha-Sapir, D. & Hall, J. & Knutsen, C. H. & Leis, M. R. & Mueller, H. & Rauh, C. & Rudolfsen, I. & Swain, A. & Timlick,, 2024. "The Impacts of Armed Conflict on Human Development: A Review of the Literature," Janeway Institute Working Papers 2426, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
    12. Onah Peter Thompson & Jonathan Hall & James Igoe Walsh, 2021. "Information, Anxiety, and Persuasion: Analyzing Return Intentions of Displaced Persons," HiCN Working Papers 362, Households in Conflict Network.

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