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Closing the Deal: Negotiating Civil Rights Legislation

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  • JEONG, GYUNG-HO
  • MILLER, GARY J.
  • SENED, ITAI

Abstract

Our investigation of the Senate politics of four major civil rights acts indicates that they did not result from winning coalitions bulldozing helpless minorities, nor did they result from some unpredictable chaotic process. These critical bills were the result of a flexible, multidimensional coalition-building process that proceeded by offering amendments carefully constructed to split off pivotal members of the winning coalition. Ideal point estimates of U.S. senators reveal that this coalitional negotiation process led to outcomes at some distance from the first choice of the winning coalition, testimony to significant compromise, both in early proposals and in refinements. This negotiation process resulted in outcomes apparently constrained by the boundaries of the uncovered set (McKelvey 1986; Miller 1980). “Closing the deal” in the U.S. Senate meant finding an outcome that could withstand robust attacks on pivotal coalition members—and that meant finding an outcome in the uncovered set.

Suggested Citation

  • Jeong, Gyung-Ho & Miller, Gary J. & Sened, Itai, 2009. "Closing the Deal: Negotiating Civil Rights Legislation," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 103(4), pages 588-606, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:apsrev:v:103:y:2009:i:04:p:588-606_99
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    Cited by:

    1. William T. Bianco & Christopher Kam & Itai Sened & Regina A. Smyth, 2015. "The uncovered set and its applications," Chapters, in: Jac C. Heckelman & Nicholas R. Miller (ed.), Handbook of Social Choice and Voting, chapter 19, pages 347-366, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    2. Jacob Bower-Bir & William Bianco & Nicholas D’Amico & Christopher Kam & Itai Sened & Regina Smyth, 2015. "Predicting majority rule: Evaluating the uncovered set and the strong point," Journal of Theoretical Politics, , vol. 27(4), pages 650-672, October.
    3. William Bianco & Christopher Kam & Itai Sened & Regina Smyth, 2014. "Party relevance and party survival in new democracies," International Area Studies Review, Center for International Area Studies, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, vol. 17(3), pages 251-261, September.

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