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Material Deprivation: Measuring Poverty by Counting Necessities Households Cannot Afford

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  • Geranda Notten
  • Julie Kaplan

Abstract

Unique data from a 2013 Canadian survey were used to measure material deprivation. This outcome-based indicator of poverty was constructed of 17 necessities. When persons who cannot afford two or more items are considered materially deprived, material deprivation is found to affect 18.6 percent of Canadians. Of those, only 43 percent also have low income. Of Canadians with low income, only 50 percent are materially deprived. The experience of poverty-level living conditions thus regularly coincides with an income above the poverty threshold, and having low income does not guarantee material deprivation. Outcome-based poverty indicators such as material deprivation therefore offer new and relevant insights into understanding poverty and its policy solutions in Canada.

Suggested Citation

  • Geranda Notten & Julie Kaplan, 2021. "Material Deprivation: Measuring Poverty by Counting Necessities Households Cannot Afford," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 47(1), pages 1-17, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpp:issued:v:47:y:2021:i:1:p:1-17
    DOI: 10.3138/cpp.2020-011
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    Cited by:

    1. Geranda Notten & Julie Kaplan, 2022. "An Empirical Validation Method for Narrowing the Range of Poverty Thresholds," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 161(1), pages 251-271, May.
    2. Anne-Catherine Guio & Eric Marlier & Frank Vandenbroucke & Pim Verbunt, 2022. "Differences in Child Deprivation Across Europe: The Role of In-Cash and In-Kind Transfers," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 15(6), pages 2363-2388, December.
    3. Geranda Notten & Fatima Tuz Zohora & Charles Plante & Rachel Laforest, 2022. "Two decades of poverty reduction politics in Canada:Better for single parent families and single working age adults?," Working Papers 2203E Classification-I31,, University of Ottawa, Department of Economics.

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