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Abstract
La orientación ideológica de los gobiernos, el momento de las elecciones y los intereses particulares de los dirigentes pueden afectar de manera importante la política económica en cualquiera de sus componentes. Se puede esperar que un gobierno establezca sus políticas en materia económica ya sea siguiendo los preceptosideológicos que el partido político al cual pertenece haya proclamado, o bien puede manipular" la economía con el único propósito de complacer a su electorado y así mantenerse en el poder. Así, el momento de las elecciones puede marcar el rumbo que tomará la economía de acuerdo con lo que decidan los votantes. Si estos decidenretirar su apoyo al gobernante de turno, se presenta un relevo o cambio en la persona que toma las decisiones en materia económica y, por tanto, hay un re-direccionamiento de la economía, es decir, se presenta lo que se conoce en la literatura como un "ciclo político". Basado en datos anuales a nivel nacional durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX, la presente investigación pretende buscar la existencia de ciclos políticos oportunistas o partidistas sobre la deuda pública y sus componentes básicos, así como de la base monetaria."******The ideological orientation of governments, the timing of elections and the particular interests of the politicians can affect importantly the economic policy in any of its components. It is possible that a government establishes its economic policies either following the ideological orientation of the party which it belongs to or “handling” the economy to stay in the power. The timing of elections could determine the economic turn according to the voter’s decision. If they decide not to support the incumbent, it brings out a substitution in the policymaker and a change in the economic outcome, in other words there is a political cycle. Based in annual data at the national level during the 20th century this investigation pretends to look for the existence of opportunistic or partisan political cycles on the total public debt and its basic components, as well as high-powered money.
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