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El racionamiento de crédito a las microempresas en Colombia. Un estudio de los tipos de racionamiento

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  • Cindy Catalina Montoya D.

Abstract

El racionamiento de crédito existe siempre que sea denegada al menos una parte de la demanda de crédito de un prestatario que está dispuesto a pagar todos los elementos del contrato de préstamo, estén o no relacionados con el precio. En este trabajo se hace una taxonomía del racionamiento de las microempresas de estratos uno, dos y tres en Colombia y analiza aspectos como: cantidades, precio, costos de transacción y autoexclusión. Esto es posible mediante la metodología que permite, a través de encuestas, hacer inferencias sobre los mercados de crédito no homogéneos y determinar los tipos de racionamiento que enfrenta cada individuo. El presente es el primer estudio que emplea esta metodología para analizar el tema de racionamiento de crédito en Colombia. Con base en la encuesta sobre servicios financieros informales realizada por Econometría S.A. en el ano 2007 para el programa MIDAS de USAID, se encontró que en Colombia las microempresas de estratos bajos son racionadas principalmente por costos de transacción, seguidos por el racionamiento por precios y la autoexclusión. Abstract: Credit rationing exists if at least a portion of demand for credit is denied from a borrower who is willing to pay all the elements of the credit contract, whether or not related to price. This paper seeks to determine the taxonomy of rationing of microenterprises in the lowest socioeconomic levels in Colombia, analyzing aspects related to quantities, prices, transaction costs and self-exclusion. This is possible using the methodology that allows, through surveys, to make inferences about no homogeneous credit markets and determine the kind of rationing faced by each individual. This methodology hasn’t been used for similar studies in Colombia about credit rationing. Based on "Encuesta sobre servicios financieros informales" by Econometría S.A; from 2007 for MIDAS program of USAID, this paper shows that in Colombia, microenterprises from low socioeconomic levels are rationed firstly by transaction costs, followed by price rationing and self-exclusion.

Suggested Citation

  • Cindy Catalina Montoya D., 2011. "El racionamiento de crédito a las microempresas en Colombia. Un estudio de los tipos de racionamiento," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000438:009861
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11445/288
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Microempresas; Racionamiento de crédito; Taxonomía de racionamiento.Small business; Credit rationing; Taxonomy of rationing.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • H81 - Public Economics - - Miscellaneous Issues - - - Governmental Loans; Loan Guarantees; Credits; Grants; Bailouts
    • D45 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design - - - Rationing; Licensing

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