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Cadenas productivas y productividad de las Mipymes

Author

Listed:
  • Danielle Tomta
  • Cesaire Chiatchoua

Abstract

ResumenEl concepto de las cadenas productivas ha tomado en los últimos anos un peso importante para el desarrollo de las empresas, tanto en los países desarrollados como en desarrollo. Sin embargo, en los países en desarrollo, los principales agentes económicos que son las empresas no han sabido convertir este elemento en una ventaja competitiva. Peor aún en México donde la política económica no ha sido disenada de acuerdo a las necesidades del sector productivo, mismo que se refleja por el bajo rendimiento de la economía en su conjunto.Con la entrada en vigor del Tratado de Libre Comercio de Américadel Norte (TLCAN ), el entorno económico nacional se volvió máscompetitivo con la llegada de empresas extranjeras con altascapacidades tecnológicas que ofrecen sus productos a menor costoy mejor calidad. Para ello, las empresas nacionales y las MIPYMES(micro, pequenas y medianas empresas) en particular han tenidomuchas dificultades para permanecer tanto en el mercado nacionalcomo internacional.El presente trabajo se enfoca principalmente a las MIPYMES, ya que son las entidades económicas que sustentan muchas economías en los países en vía de desarrollo y particularmente la economía mexicana a pesar de su alta tasa de mortandad, y mostrar como las cadenas productivas pueden convertirse en una estrategia de crecimiento en términos de productividad para ellasAbstractPRODUCTI VE CHAINS AND PRODUCTI VITY OF MIPYMESThe concept of the productive chains has taken in the last years an important weight for the development of the companies in the advanced countries same as in those toward development. Nevertheless, in the developing countries the principal economic agents, which are the companies, have not could turn this element into a competitive advantage. Even worst in Mexico, where the economic politics) has not been designed in agreement to the needs of the productive sector itself, that is reflected by the low performanceof the economy as a whole.With the impact of the Agreement of Free Trade of North America(TLCAN ) the economic national environment became more competitivewith the arrival of foreign companies with high technological capacities that offer their products to minor cost and better quality. For it, the domestic enterprises and the MI PYMES (mike, small and medium companies) especially have had many difficulties to remain in the domestic and international market.The present work focuses principally on the MIPYMES , since they are the economic entities that sustain many economies in the developing countries, and particularly the Mexican economy in spite of the high rate of mortality, and to show how the productive chains can turn into a strategy of growth into termsof productivity for them.ResumoCADEIA DE PRODUCAO E PRODUTI VIDADE NAS MPMESO conceito de cadeias de producao tem tido nos últimos anos umpeso importante para o desenvolvimento das empresas em paísesdesenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento. No entanto, nos paísesem desenvolvimento, os principais agentes economicos, que saoas empresas, nao tem conseguido transformar esse item em umavantagem competitiva. Pior ainda, no México, onde a políticaeconomica tem sido adaptada as necessidades do setor produtivo,mesmo que se reflita o fraco desempenho da economia como umtodo. Com a entrada em vigor do Livre Comércio das Américas (NA FTA ), o ambiente economico nacional se tornou mais competitivo com a chegada de empresas estrangeiras com alta capacidade tecnológica para oferecer seus produtos a custos mais baixos e melhor qualidade. Para fazer isso, empresas nacionais e as MPME s (micro, pequenas e médias empresas), em particular tem tido dificuldade em permanecer no mercado, tanto nacional como internacionalmente.O presente trabalho foca principalmente as MPME s, como elas saoentidades economicas que sustentam muitas economias de paísesem desenvolvimento, e particularmente a economia mexicana,apesar da sua alta taxa de mortalidade, e mostrar como as cadeiasde fornecimento podem tornar-se uma estratégia de crescimento emtermos de produtividade por eles.RésuméL´ADMINISTRATION FINANCI ERE: UNE UTO PIE DANS LES MICROENTRE PRISESCLe concept des chaines productives a pris dans les dernieres années un poids important pour le développement des entreprises dans les pays développés comme dans les pays en développe. Cependant, dans les pays en développement les principaux agents économiques qui sont les entreprises, celles n´ont pas su comment convertir cet élément comme avantage compétitive. C´est pire encore au Mexique ou la politique économique n´a pas été dessinée en accord avec les besoins du secteur productif, et le meme se reflete a cause de la basse performance de l´économie dans sa totalité.Avec l´entrée du fonctionnement du Traité du Libre Commerce enAmérique du Nord (TLCAN ) le contexte économique national est devenu plus compétitif avec l´arrivée des entreprises étrangeres avec des hautes capacités technologiques qui offrent ses produits avec une meilleure qualité et un prix plus bas. Pour cela, les entreprises nationales et les MIPYMES (micro, petites et moyennes entreprises) en particulier, ont eu beaucoup de difficultés pour se maintenir dans le marché national comme dans le marché international.Ce travail fait l´accent principalement avec les MIPYMES , bien qu´elles sont les entités économiques qui soutiennent beaucoup d´économies dans les pays en voie de développement et particulierement l´économie mexicaine qui, malgré son haut taux de mortalité, et démontrer comment les chaines productives peuvent devenir dans une stratégie de croissance en termes de productivité pour elles.

Suggested Citation

  • Danielle Tomta & Cesaire Chiatchoua, 2010. "Cadenas productivas y productividad de las Mipymes," Revista Criterio Libre, Universidad Libre - Sede Principal, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000370:007053
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    Keywords

    Cadenas productivas; productividad; mipymes.Key words: Productive chains; productivity; mipymes.Palavras-chave: Cadeias de produção; a produtividade; as MPMEs.Mots clés: Chaînes productives; productivité; mipymes.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L22 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Organization and Market Structure
    • O47 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence
    • L11 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms

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