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Globalización y desigualdad: evidencia en América Latina

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  • Kristjanpoller Rodríguez, Werner
  • Contreras Collantes, Rocío

Abstract

Resumen: Este artículo investiga la relación entre globalización y desigualdad en doce economías latinoamericanas durante el periodo 2000-2013 mediante análisis de datos de panel. Con base en la importancia que da la literatura a la estructura de una economía, se dividieron los países según niveles de corrupción, educación, tamano del país y apertura comercial. Los resultados sugieren que la apertura de mercado genera una disminución de la desigualdad, mientras que la inversión extranjera la aumenta. Estructuralmente, los países con mayor corrupción, mayor apertura de mercado y mayor tamano aprovechan mejor las ventajas de la globalización con el fin de disminuir la desigualdad. Abstract: This study explores the relationship between globalization and income inequality in twelve Latin American economies during the period 2000-2013 using panel data analyses. Based on the importance that the literature gives to a country’s structure, the sample is grouped according to corruption levels, educational attainment levels, gross domestic product (GDP) and trade openness. The results show that higher trade openness generates a decrease in income inequality, while higher foreign direct investment increases it. Countries characterized by higher levels of corruption, trade openness and GDP take better advantage from globalization to decrease income inequality.

Suggested Citation

  • Kristjanpoller Rodríguez, Werner & Contreras Collantes, Rocío, 2017. "Globalización y desigualdad: evidencia en América Latina," Revista Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, CIE, issue 87, pages 9-33, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000174:015706
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    desigualdad; datos de panel; globalización financiera; inversión extranjera directa;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D30 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - General
    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration

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