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Capital humano y crecimiento económico: evidencia empírica para Suramérica

Author

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  • Oscar Hernán Cerquera Losada
  • María de los Ángeles Clavijo Tovar
  • Carla Yanella Pérez Peña

Abstract

En este trabajo se evalúa la relación entre la educación y el crecimiento económico en ocho países suramericanos para el periodo 2003-2018. Se estimó un modelo de panel de datos de efectos fijos. Como medida del capital humano se utilizaron dos indicadores, el índice de educación del Programa de las Naciones Unidas (PNUD), y el índice de capital humano de la Penn World Table 10.0 (PWT); el propósito es determinar cuál de las dos medidas de capital humano explica mejor la relación entre educación y crecimiento en las economías suramericanas. Los resultados mostraron que las exportaciones por habitante, el gasto en educación, la tasa de fertilidad y la formación bruta de capital se relacionan positivamente con la producción por habitante, y dado el contexto de las economías suramericanas, el índice de educación calculado por el PNUD parece ser el indicador más preciso para medir la relación entre el capital humano y el crecimiento económico.

Suggested Citation

  • Oscar Hernán Cerquera Losada & María de los Ángeles Clavijo Tovar & Carla Yanella Pérez Peña, 2022. "Capital humano y crecimiento económico: evidencia empírica para Suramérica," Apuntes del Cenes, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, vol. 41(73), pages 143-167, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000152:020700
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    crecimiento económico; capital humano; educación; datos de panel; efectos fijos;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C33 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I25 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Economic Development
    • O47 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence
    • O57 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Comparative Studies of Countries

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