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Instituciones y tecnología como factores clave en los proyectos nacionales del desarrollo: un análisis comparativo de Brasil y México

Author

Listed:
  • James Martín Cypher
  • Aldo Andrés Pérez Escatel

Abstract

La ausencia de proyectos nacionales que permitan institucionalizar las capacidades innovadoras endógenas en América Latina ha constituido un impedimento estructural crítico al desarrollo. Se presenta en este artículo un análisis de los temas relacionados con la tecnología y el desarrollo desde una perspectiva heterodoxa. Gran parte de las naciones abandonaron sus esfuerzos incipientes por desarrollar un grado de autonomía tecnológica en contraste con los emprendimientos arrancados durante el periodo de la industrialización dirigida por el Estado. Este artículo hace hincapié en las políticas tecnológicas montadas durante este periodo y las prospectivas actuales. Para anclar el trabajo, presentamos un análisis comparativo entre los casos dimétricos de México y Brasil, enmarcado en las estructuras institucionales generadas por el poder económico y la ideología dominante, siendo los factores determinantes en la formulación de las políticas nacionales de ciencia y tecnología.

Suggested Citation

  • James Martín Cypher & Aldo Andrés Pérez Escatel, 2013. "Instituciones y tecnología como factores clave en los proyectos nacionales del desarrollo: un análisis comparativo de Brasil y México," Apuntes del Cenes, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000152:013052
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    instituciones; ISI; Sistema Nacional de Innovación; industrialización; Brasil; México;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B50 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - Current Heterodox Approaches - - - General
    • F59 - International Economics - - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy - - - Other
    • O32 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
    • N16 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • N26 - Economic History - - Financial Markets and Institutions - - - Latin America; Caribbean

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