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Determinantes del empleo joven en Argentina 2004-2018

Author

Listed:
  • Federico Favata
  • Julián Leone
  • Jorge Lo Cascio

Abstract

El presente trabajo explora los determinantes del empleo joven (15 a 30 anos) en Argentina, en 2004-2018, por medio de la estimación de los principales atributos individuales de la oferta que explican los ingresos laborales, para inferir los requerimientos establecidos por la demanda de trabajo. Así, se incluye el tipo de inserción laboral, expresado tanto en las especificidades del puesto, como en el tipo de contratación y sector empleador. Se realiza una descripción del empleo joven en Argentina, luego se estiman los determinantes del ingreso horario real de la ocupación principal para el grupo etario, utilizando dos modelos: (1) una regresión lineal por mínimos cuadrados ordinarios y (2) la corrección de Heckman. Se concluye que, para superar el vector de vulnerabilidad de los jóvenes, es necesario crear puestos de trabajo de calidad; y promover el diseno de políticas públicas de inserción laboral, en vinculación con los estudios. El mayor desafío está en el sector de las mujeres jóvenes de menores ingresos, que asumen tareas de cuidado sin remuneración, por lo que sus oportunidades laborales y educativas se reducen. ****** This paper explores the working youth determinants defined among 15 and 30 years for Argentina during the 2004-2018 period. It examines the main individual characteristics that explain the labour income to predict the labour demand requirements. Sectorial issues and types of contracts are included to enlighten the disproportion with adult work. After a working youth description, the real hourly income is estimated with two different approaches. The first one is a typical ordinary least squared methodology, while the second includes a sample adjustment by a Heckman model. It is concluded that, in order to overcome the vulnerability vector of young people, it is necessary to create quality jobs; and to promote the design of public policies for labour market insertion, linked to studies. The greatest challenge lies in the sector of young women with lower incomes, who take on unpaid care work, which reduces their employment and educational opportunities.

Suggested Citation

  • Federico Favata & Julián Leone & Jorge Lo Cascio, 2022. "Determinantes del empleo joven en Argentina 2004-2018," Revista Cuadernos de Economia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID, vol. 41(87), pages 481-508, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000093:020611
    DOI: 10.15446/cuad.econ.v41n87.90050
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    distribución del ingreso laboral; mercado laboral; salario.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E20 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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