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La demanda por combustible y el impacto de la contaminación al interior de los hogares sobre la salud: el caso de Guatemala

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  • Martínez Mariana

Abstract

El consumo de lena para la preparación de alimentos es aún común en algunos países en desarrollo. La exposición a la contaminación dentro de los hogares, causada por la quema de este combustible en estufas sin sistemas de ventilación adecuados, aumenta la probabilidad de adquirir enfermedades respiratorias agudas. En este trabajo, se construye un modelo de decisión de hogares que permite observar cómo los hogares deciden de manera simultánea el combustible a utilizar, el estado de salud de los miembros del hogar y las medidas defensivas que pueden adoptar. El modelo corrobora la hipótesis planteada: el consumo de lena tiene efectos nocivos sobre la salud; la utilización de tecnologías apropiadas para evacuar gases contaminantes puede prevenir la incidencia de infecciones respiratorias; la pobreza es el principal determinante del consumo de lena y la desnutrición aumenta la probabilidad de adquirir enfermedades respiratorias. Las chimeneas son una buena política para prevenir estas enfermedades. Sin embargo, si en el hogar hay problemas de desnutrición, la política debe estar enfocada a la reducción de este problema antes que instalar chimeneas.

Suggested Citation

  • Martínez Mariana, 2003. "La demanda por combustible y el impacto de la contaminación al interior de los hogares sobre la salud: el caso de Guatemala," Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad, Universidad de los Andes,Facultad de Economía, CEDE, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000090:003898
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Filmer, Deon & Pritchett, Lant, 1996. "Environmental degradation and the demand for children : searching for the vicious circle," Policy Research Working Paper Series 1623, The World Bank.
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    Cited by:

    1. Luz Adriana Giraldo Balcazar & RamónRosales, 2004. "Análisis Económico De Los Servicios Públicos En La Productividad De Los Hogares Colombianos," Documentos CEDE 1995, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Función de producción de salud; morbilidad; infecciones respiratorias agudas; contaminación en el hogar; ecuaciones simultáneas; función de producción de hogares; demanda por leña.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior
    • Q4 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy
    • C35 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors; Proportions
    • D13 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Household Production and Intrahouse Allocation

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