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Pahlawan, Pengkhianat, Atau Penjahat (Hero, Traitor, or Villain): A Personal Journey Through Indonesian History

Author

Listed:
  • Steven Farram

    (Faculty of Arts and Society, Charles Darwin University, Australia)

Abstract

This article concerns Indonesian heroes, traitors, and villains from different regions and eras. The factors influencing the categorisation of individuals as heroes or villains are examined. Examples include regional leaders who opposed the Dutch East India Company or collaborated with it. Similar cases are examined from the period of the Netherlands Indies colonial state. Also discussed are nationalists who were members of the Indonesian Communist Party, and people now deemed heroes who collaborated with the Japanese during the Second World War. Next for consideration are individuals involved in Confrontation with Malaysia and the occupation of East Timor. The last cases come from the world of popular music and show how performers idolised by fans can be considered villains by others.

Suggested Citation

  • Steven Farram, 2024. "Pahlawan, Pengkhianat, Atau Penjahat (Hero, Traitor, or Villain): A Personal Journey Through Indonesian History," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 12.
    • Handle: RePEc:cog:poango:v12:y:2024:a:7804
    DOI: 10.17645/pag.7804
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    Cited by:

    1. Nathan Franklin & Hans Hägerdal, 2024. "Indonesian Heroes and Villains: National Identity, Politics, Law, and Security," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 12.

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