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Fertility, Growth, and Public Investments in Children

Author

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  • Jie Zhang

Abstract

In this paper, it is shown how subsidies for education and for the number of children affect economic growth, fertility, and welfare in an endogenous growth model with altruistic agents. Subsidizing education has not only a direct positive effect on growth but also an indirect positive effect on growth through reducing fertility. After some finite periods, future generations will gain in welfare in the education-subsidy regime. In contrast, subsidizing the number of children increases fertility, depresses growth, and reduces all generations' welfare.

Suggested Citation

  • Jie Zhang, 1997. "Fertility, Growth, and Public Investments in Children," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 30(4), pages 835-843, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:cje:issued:v:30:y:1997:i:4:p:835-43
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Chen Hung-Ju & Miyazaki Koichi, 2022. "Pay-as-You-Go Social Security and Educational Subsidy in an Overlapping Generations Model with Endogenous Fertility and Endogenous Retirement," The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, De Gruyter, vol. 22(2), pages 787-820, June.
    2. Ishida, Ryo & Oguro, Kazumasa & Yasuoka, Masaya, 2018. "Population density, fertility, and childcare services from the perspective of a two-region overlapping generations model," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 29-39.
    3. Yasuoka, Masaya & Miyake, Atsushi, 2013. "Public debt, child allowances and pension benefits with endogenous fertility," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel), vol. 7, pages 1-25.
    4. Zhang, Jie & Casagrande, Richard, 1998. "Fertility, growth, and flat-rate taxation for education subsidies," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 60(2), pages 209-216, August.
    5. Papagni, Erasmo, 2006. "Household borrowing constraints, fertility dynamics, and economic growth," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 30(1), pages 27-54, January.
    6. Masaya Yasuoka & Naohisa Goto, 2015. "How is the child allowance to be financed? By income tax or consumption tax?," International Review of Economics, Springer;Happiness Economics and Interpersonal Relations (HEIRS), vol. 62(3), pages 249-269, September.
    7. Megumi Mochida, 2005. "Child Allowances, Fertility, and Uncertain Lifetime," Discussion Papers in Economics and Business 05-11, Osaka University, Graduate School of Economics.
    8. Leonid Azarnert, 2010. "Free education, fertility and human capital accumulation," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 23(2), pages 449-468, March.
    9. Muro, Kazunobu, 2022. "Physical and human capital, fertility, and childcare services," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(4), pages 422-436.
    10. Zhang, Junsen & Zhang, Jie & Lee, Ronald, 2001. "Mortality decline and long-run economic growth," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 80(3), pages 485-507, June.
    11. Masatoshi Jinno & Masaya Yasuoka, 2016. "Are the social security benefits of pensions or child-care policies best financed by a consumption tax?," Business and Economic Horizons (BEH), Prague Development Center, vol. 12(3), pages 94-112, September.
    12. Fanti, Luciano & Gori, Luca, 2011. "Child policy ineffectiveness in an overlapping generations small open economy with human capital accumulation and public education," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 28(1-2), pages 404-409, January.
    13. Masaya Shintani & Masaya Yasuoka, 2021. "Child Care Policy and Capital Mobility," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 41(2), pages 398-404.
    14. Ko Shakuno, 2014. "Public education, endogenous fertility and economic growth," TERG Discussion Papers 319, Graduate School of Economics and Management, Tohoku University.
    15. Masaya Yasuoka, 2018. "Fertility and education investment incentive with a pay-as-you-go pension," Eurasian Economic Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 8(1), pages 37-50, April.
    16. Masaya Yasuoka, 2013. "Can Child-Care Support Policies Halt Decreasing Fertility?," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 3(2), pages 409-419.
    17. Herbertsson, Tryggvi Thor, 2003. "Accounting for human capital externalities with an application to the Nordic countries," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 47(3), pages 553-567, June.
    18. Masaya Yasuoka, 2014. "Child-care Policies and Pension in an Endogenous Fertility Model," Discussion Paper Series 114, School of Economics, Kwansei Gakuin University, revised Jan 2014.
    19. Masaya Yasuoka, 2018. "Fertility, Income Growth and Inflation," Discussion Paper Series 182, School of Economics, Kwansei Gakuin University, revised Jul 2018.
    20. Takehiro Ito & Kazumitsu Sako & Yurika Shiozu & Masatoshi Jinno & Masaya Yasuoka, 2024. "Analysis of Child Care Support Policies in a Model of Endogenous Fertility," Discussion Paper Series 270, School of Economics, Kwansei Gakuin University.
    21. Atsushi Miyake & Masaya Yasuoka, 2016. "Which Should the Government Subsidize: Child Care or Elderly Care?," Discussion Paper Series 144, School of Economics, Kwansei Gakuin University, revised Jun 2016.
    22. Rahul A. Sirohi, 2014. "Child Labour, Human Capital Accumulation and Foreign Aid," Journal of Economic Development, Chung-Ang Unviersity, Department of Economics, vol. 39(3), pages 1-14, September.

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