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Earnings by Language Group in Quebec in 1980 and Emigration from Quebec between 1976 and 1981

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  • Gilles Grenier

Abstract

Between 1976 and 1981, many people moved out of Quebec, especially among the Anglophones. To the extent that a person's decision to st ay or to move may be related to earnings prospects, earnings comparis ons with individuals who lived in Quebec in 1981 may suffer from a se lection bias. This paper analyzes emigration from Quebec and earnings with a two-equation model, using a sample of men drawn from the 1981 census. It is found that a selection bias is indeed present for Angl ophones and that the returns to learning French may be underestimated when that bias is ignored.

Suggested Citation

  • Gilles Grenier, 1987. "Earnings by Language Group in Quebec in 1980 and Emigration from Quebec between 1976 and 1981," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 20(4), pages 774-791, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:cje:issued:v:20:y:1987:i:4:p:774-91
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. David Albouy, 2008. "The wage gap between Francophones and Anglophones: a Canadian perspective, 1970–2000," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 41(4), pages 1211-1238, November.
    2. Barry Chiswick & Paul Miller, 2001. "A model of destination-language acquisition: Application to male immigrants in Canada," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 38(3), pages 391-409, August.
    3. Christofides, Louis N. & Swidinsky, Robert, 2008. "The Economic Returns to a Second Official Language: English in Quebec and French in the Rest-of-Canada," IZA Discussion Papers 3551, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    4. Gagnon, Julien & Geloso, Vincent & Isabelle, Maripier, 2023. "The incubated revolution: Education, cohort effects, and the linguistic wage gap in Quebec during the 20th century," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 327-349.
    5. Armstrong, Alex, 2015. "Equilibria and efficiency in bilingual labour markets," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 204-220.
    6. Saarela, Jan & Finnas, Fjalar, 2006. "Can the low unemployment rate of Swedish speakers in Finland be attributed to structural factors?," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 498-513, June.
    7. Chiswick, Barry R. & Miller, Paul W., 2014. "International Migration and the Economics of Language," IZA Discussion Papers 7880, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    8. Jason Dean & Vincent Geloso, 2022. "The linguistic wage gap in Quebec, 1901 to 1951," Cliometrica, Springer;Cliometric Society (Association Francaise de Cliométrie), vol. 16(3), pages 615-637, September.
    9. Louis N. Christofides & Robert Swidinsky, 2010. "The Economic Returns to the Knowledge and Use of a Second Official Language: English in Quebec and French in the Rest-of-Canada," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 36(2), pages 137-158, June.
    10. Weiguo Zhang & Gilles Grenier, 2012. "How can Language be linked to Economics? A Survey of Two Strands of Research," Working Papers 1206E, University of Ottawa, Department of Economics.
    11. Chiswick, Barry R., 2008. "The Economics of Language: An Introduction and Overview," IZA Discussion Papers 3568, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    12. Li, Qiang, 2013. "Language and urban labor market segmentation: Theory and evidence," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 27-46.

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