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Insolvenzen in ausgewählten OECD-Ländern - Umfang, Tendenzen, Gesetze

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  • Rigmar Osterkamp

Abstract

Betrachtet man Umfang und Entwicklungstendenzen von Unternehmens- und Privatinsolvenzen in ausgewählten OECD-Ländern, so weisen die beiden Arten von Insolvenzen eine unterschiedliche Dynamik auf. In Deutschland haben sich die Unternehmensinsolvenzen nicht nur seit 1990, also nach der Wiedervereinigung, kontinuierlich und schnell nach oben entwickelt - im Gegensatz dazu kam es z.B. in Kanada oder den USA zu einem klaren Abwärtstrend bei der Zahl der Unternehmensinsolvenzen -, sondern auch nach der Insolvenzreform von 1999. Gegenwärtig liegt das Niveau der Unternehmensinsolvenzen in Deutschland an dritter Stelle hinter Schweden und Frankreich. Die durchschnittlichen jährlichen Wachstumsraten der individuellen Insolvenzen sind beträchtlich höher als die der Insolvenzen insgesamt. Deutschland und die Niederlande führen die Liste der individuellen Insolvenzen mit zweistelligen Wachstumsraten an - in Deutschland liegt die durchschnittliche jährliche Wachstumsrate der Privatinsolvenzen im Zeitraum 1999-2005 bei mehr als 40% -, während auch hier die USA und Kanada auf niedrigeren Wachstumsrängen liegen. Es ist anzunehmen, dass die im Ländervergleich recht unterschiedliche Ausgestaltung der Insolvenzgesetzgebung einen Teil der zu beobachtenden Unterschiede bei den Insolvenzen in Umfang und Dynamik erklärt. So hat beispielsweise die Reform des Insolvenzverfahrens in Deutschland im Jahr 1999 auch die Möglichkeit einer Schuldenstreichung für insolvente private Haushalte geschaffen. Darauf haben die Insolvenzzahlen sehr schnell reagiert und sich innerhalb von zwei Jahren verdoppelt. Eine weitere Beschleunigung trat ein, nachdem das neue Gesetz zwei Jahre später reformiert wurde.

Suggested Citation

  • Rigmar Osterkamp, 2006. "Insolvenzen in ausgewählten OECD-Ländern - Umfang, Tendenzen, Gesetze," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 59(09), pages 22-29, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:ces:ifosdt:v:59:y:2006:i:09:p:22-29
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Zahlungsunfähigkeit; Vergleich; Insolvenzrecht; Unternehmen; Privater Haushalt; OECD-Staaten;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G33 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Bankruptcy; Liquidation

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