Une famille de mesures d'intégration internationale des territoires. Applications aux cas du commerce international (1995-2007) et de la diffusion des pièces euros étrangères en France (2002-2011)

How one can measure the degree of international integration of places (countries, regions or cities) in a spatio-temporal comparative perspective? The authors suggest as a first step to break down the concept in three complementary dimensions using: (i) intensity indicators which measure the share of international relationships within the total amount of relationships forged by a given territory, (ii) diversity indicators which measure for a given territory the degree of dispersion of its international relations, all things being equal with respect to their intensity and (iii) range indicators which assess the relative weight of international relations involving close or distant places. They propose, in a second stage, to distinguish between ?trivial? and ?specific? international relations using a gravity model as a filtering method.