Les projets alimentaires de territoire : entre reconfiguration des territoires et nouvelles relations villes/campagnes

The territorial food projects (in French: Projets alimentaires territoriaux (PAT)) took place in the French Law of the Future of Agriculture, Food and the Forest in 2014. The challenge of these projects is to respond to the need to structure the agricultural economy and to implement a territorial food system by taking into account the multiple initiatives aimed at relocating agriculture and food, and by developing a more global strategy at the territorial level. Observation of PAT therefore constitutes an opportunity to analyze both the new interactions that are being built within the territories between the actors of the local food chain to create a local food system, and the new relationships between consumption basins and production basins, between urban and rural areas. The objective of this article is to question the territorial intermediation processes that take place through food projects in the territories. Based on participant observation, projects of four territories of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in France are analyzed: Grand Bergeracois (department of Dordogne), Pays basque (department of Pyrénées Atlantiques), Adour Chalosse Tursan (department of Landes) and Bordeaux Métropole (department of Gironde). The territorial intermediation processes which are built by the functional (re)connection of actors and territories but also the tensions which emerge from these processes are then highlighted.