Author
Listed:
- Andrea Schuhmann
(Environment Agency Austria, Environmental Analysis, Vienna, Austria)
- Gernot Klammler
(JR-AquaConSol GmbH, Graz, Austria)
- Stefan Weiss
(Environment Agency Austria, Environmental Analysis, Vienna, Austria)
- Oliver Gans
(Environment Agency Austria, Environmental Analysis, Vienna, Austria)
- Johann Fank
(JR-AquaConSol GmbH, Graz, Austria)
- Georg Haberhauer
(Department of Forest and Soil Science, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria)
- Martin H. Gerzabek
(Department of Forest and Soil Science, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria)
Abstract
The degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and their metabolites N-methyl-bentazone, desethyl-terbuthylazine, 2-hydroxy-terbuthylazine, metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid (ESA) and metolachlor oxanilic acid (OA) were investigated using the plant protection products Artett (bentazone/terbuthylazine), Gardo Gold (S-metolachlor/terbuthylazine) and Dual Gold (S-metolachlor) applied to a weighable, monolithic, high precision lysimeter with a loamy, sandy soil. Artett and Gardo Gold were applied at higher doses than recommended according to good agricultural practice. In leachate, S-metolachlor was detected at concentrations of up to 0.15 µg/L, whereas metolachlor-ESA and metolachlor-OA were present at higher concentrations of up to 37 µg/L and 8.4 µg/L, respectively. In a second terbuthylazine application, concentrations of desethyl-terbuthylazine of up to 0.1 µg/L were detected. In soil, bentazone degraded faster than terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor, whereas the metabolization of terbuthylazine after the second application resulted in an enhanced formation of desethyl-terbuthylazine and a highly increased hydroxylation of terbuthylazine. The importance of analysing both parent compounds and metabolites on a long-term scale was demonstrated to better understand the environmental fate and transport.
Suggested Citation
Andrea Schuhmann & Gernot Klammler & Stefan Weiss & Oliver Gans & Johann Fank & Georg Haberhauer & Martin H. Gerzabek, 2019.
"Degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and some of their metabolites: A long-term lysimeter experiment,"
Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 65(5), pages 273-281.
Handle:
RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:5:id:803-2018-pse
DOI: 10.17221/803/2018-PSE
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