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Effect of polyploidy and pollination methods on capsule and seed set of pansies (Viola × wittrockiana Gams)

Author

Listed:
  • A.L. Dalbato

    (Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic
    Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden)

  • F. Kobza

    (Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic)

  • L.M. Karlsson

    (Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
    IFM Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden)

Abstract

Pansy, Viola × wittrockiana, is a popular ornamental plant. Effects of polyploidy on phenotype and four pollination methods on capsule and seed set were studied using ten octoploid (2n = 8x) and two hexadecaploid (2n = 16x) genotypes, originating from induced mutagenesis. Principal component analysis, using 19 phenotypic, phenological and physiological characteristics, revealed that hexadecaploids showed larger differences to the corresponding standard cultivars than octoploids. Number of seed per capsule was similar among genotypes. Capsule set with open pollination was 32-64 %, with self-pollination by hand 18-49% and with cross-pollination by hand 14-43%, while no plant successfully set capsules with seeds under isolators if not pollinated manually. Thus, Viola × wittrockiana is self-compatible but requires an agent-mediation for successful pollination. The induced phenotypes were found stable over four generations. Hexadecaploids had more attractive phenotypes but fewer seeds than octoploids. However, variation in seed set enabled selection of plants with high fertility, and average seed set increased over generations. Thus, new varieties, fulfilling aesthetic criteria as well as economic and agronomic traits, can be bred from induced mutagenesis.

Suggested Citation

  • A.L. Dalbato & F. Kobza & L.M. Karlsson, 2013. "Effect of polyploidy and pollination methods on capsule and seed set of pansies (Viola × wittrockiana Gams)," Horticultural Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 40(1), pages 22-30.
    • Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:40:y:2013:i:1:id:51-2012-hortsci
    DOI: 10.17221/51/2012-HORTSCI
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. P. Hanzelka & F. Kobza, 2004. "Genome induced mutation in Callistephus chinensis Ness. - evaluation of plant fertility and seed characteristics," Horticultural Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 31(1), pages 22-26.
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    Cited by:

    1. Klaudia Sychta & Aneta Słomka & Elżbieta Kuta, 2020. "Garden pansy (Viola × wittrockiana Gams.) - a good candidate for the revitalisation of polluted areas," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 66(6), pages 272-280.

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