Comparative Lipid Composition Study in Farmed and Wild Blackspot Seabream (Pagellus bogaraveo)

During the latest decades, the fish trade has accorded an increasing attention to aquaculture development as a source of marine food products. In this sense, blackspot seabream (Pagellus bogaraveo) has recently attracted a great commercial interest as a farmed product. This work provides a comparative lipid composition study between wild and farmed individuals. For it, three different edible zones (ventral, dorsal and tail white muscles) were considered. From a nutritional point of view, lipid composition of farmed and wild blackspot seabream showed valuable lipid parameters (total polyunsaturated fatty acids, total ω3/total ω6 fatty acid ratio and α-tocopherol values). Comparison between farmed and wild fishes led to a wide number of differences. Thus, farmed fish muscle showed a higher (P < 0.05) total lipid content than its counterpart wild one. In addition, farmed fish showed higher triglyceride contents but lower (P < 0.05) values in the remaining lipid classes and groups studied (phospholipids, sterols and α-tocopherol). Concerning the fatty acid analysis, farmed fish showed a higher (P < 0.05) monounsaturated fatty acids (ventral and tail zones) content but lower for polyunsaturated fatty acids (ventral and tail zones) and total ω3/ total ω6 ratio. No differences (P > 0.05) were detected between both kinds of fish for the saturated fatty acids proportion. For all parameters studied, both farmed and wild fishes provided very little differences (P < 0.05) among the different muscle zones considered, so that an inhomogeneous distribution in the actual species could not be concluded.