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Les inégalités hommes-femmes dans l'utilisation du temps en Belgique

Author

Listed:
  • Leila Maron

Abstract

Cet article a pour objectif de mesurer les inégalités de sexe dans l'allocation du temps d'une part, et d'autre part, d'étudier le lien entre la pauvreté monétaire et la pauvreté du temps. A cet effet, nous construisons cinq indicateurs d'inégalité de sexe sur base des données issues de l'Enquête sur l'emploi du temps belge pour l'année 2005. Nos résultats montrent que les femmes connaissent un plus grand risque de pauvreté de temps car elles vivent au rythme de "double journée" et disposent de moins de temps pour se reposer, pour leurs loisirs, etc. Leur pauvreté de temps s'explique principalement par le fait qu'elles assument plus de tâches au sein du foyer que les hommes et ceci s'opère souvent au détriment de leur activité professionnelle. Ces inégalités varient en fonction des caractéristiques socio-économiques telles que l'âge, le statut marital, le nombre d'enfants, le type de ménage, le niveau d'éducation, le statut d'activité et la situation de pauvreté monétaire. Finalement, nos résultats montrent que la pauvreté de temps et la pauvreté monétaire sont deux types de pauvreté relativement distincts car chacune de ces pauvretés ne touche pas nécessairement le même groupe de personnes. / This paper aims to measure the gender inequalities in terms of allocation of time on the one hand and on the other hand, to study the link between income poverty and time poverty. To do this, we compute five gender inequality indicators based on the data from the Belgian Time budget Survey for 2005. Our results show that women have a higher time poverty risk than men because of the "double shift" and they have less time to rest, for leisure, etc. Their time poverty is mainly due to the fact that they assume more intra-household work than men and are thus forced to reduce their time for paid work. These inequalities depend on socioeconomic characteristics such as age, the marital status, number of children, household type, level of education, activity status and income poverty. Finally, our results show that time poverty and income poverty are two distinct types of poverty that do not necessarily concern the same people.

Suggested Citation

  • Leila Maron, 2010. "Les inégalités hommes-femmes dans l'utilisation du temps en Belgique," Brussels Economic Review, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles, vol. 53(1), pages 129-156.
  • Handle: RePEc:bxr:bxrceb:2013/80869
    Note: Numéro Spécial "Analyse des revenus individuels et de la dépendance financière des femmes et des hommes" Editrices :Danièle Meulders et Sile O'Dorchai
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Pauvreté/Poverty; Inégalités de sexe/Gender inequality; Allocation du temps et offre de travail; Allocation of time and labour supply;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I32 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply

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