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The Effect of GDP Growth on Pharmaceutical Patent Protection, 1945-2005

Author

Listed:
  • Summer La Croix
  • Ming Liu

Abstract

We investigate whether there is a U-shaped relationship between GDP per capita and country patent protection for pharmaceuticals. Using the Pharmaceutical Intellectual Property Protection (PIPP) Index, we find no evidence of a U-shaped relationship for any of the 154 countries in our sample or for global aggregates. There is, however, evidence for a U-shaped relationship in some annual cross-section scatter plots and Tobit regressions. Using a random-effects Tobit estimator and cubic as well as quadratic GDP per capita variables, we find evidence both for and against a monotonically increasing relationship between GDP and the predicted PIPP Index.

Suggested Citation

  • Summer La Croix & Ming Liu, 2009. "The Effect of GDP Growth on Pharmaceutical Patent Protection, 1945-2005," Brussels Economic Review, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles, vol. 52(3/4), pages 355-375.
    • Handle: RePEc:bxr:bxrceb:2013/80767
    Note: Numéro Spécial « Vers une nouvelle histoire économique des brevets ?» Editeurs :Claude Diebolt et Karine Pellier
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Ming Liu & Sumner LaCroix, 2011. "The Impact of Stronger Property Rights in Pharmaceuticals on Innovation in Developed and Developing Countries," Working Papers 201116, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Economics.
    2. Ming Liu & Sumner la Croix, 2013. "A Cross-Country Index of Intellectual Property Rights in Pharmaceutical Innovations," Working Papers 201313, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Economics.
    3. Suma Athreye & Lucia Piscitello & Kenneth C. Shadlen, 2020. "Twenty-five years since TRIPS: Patent policy and international business," Journal of International Business Policy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 3(4), pages 315-328, December.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Patents; Pharmaceuticals; PIPP Index; GDP;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L65 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - Chemicals; Rubber; Drugs; Biotechnology; Plastics
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
    • O34 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital

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