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The Equilibrium Image of the Market

Author

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  • Ingrao Bruna

    (Università di Roma “La Sapienza”)

Abstract

The paper focuses on conceptual images of the market built on the core idea of equilibrium. It argues that logical difficulties and dead ends were encountered in building equilibrium models of the market. A heavy toll was paid in loss of realism, failure to understand history, and ineptitude in addressing relevant problems. Equilibrium economics is marked by the exclusion of a wide range of economic phenomena, with a codified lack of attention to change, transition and learning. The loss of relevance involved was a consequence of the primitive idea of conceiving of the market within the semantic field of equilibrium. The most evident failure of the equilibrium imagery was in understanding economic development as a process of social and structural change in history. The paper argues that is time to free economic theory from the obsessive centrality of the equilibrium idea. Attention should shift to the market economy as a complex network of rules, organizations and institutions, which make viable economic change. This approach invites scholars in economics to a fruitful dialogue with other fields of knowledge, to understand both crises and successes in processes of economic change.L'article traite des images conceptuelles du marché construites à partir de l'idée d'équilibre. Il est suggéré que la construction des modèles d'équilibre du marché a souffert de difficultés logiques et a aboutit à des impasses. Il en a résulté une perte de réalisme, et une incapacité à comprendre l'histoire et à aborder les questions pertinentes. L'économie de l'équilibre est caractérisée par l'exclusion d'un grand nombre de phénomènes économiques mais aussi par un manque d'attention au changement, à la transition, et à l'apprentissage. Le manque de pertinence qui en découle est le résultat de l'idée primitive de concevoir le marché dans le champ sémantique de l'équilibre. L'échec le plus évident de l'image d'équilibre réside dans la compréhension du développement économique comme un processus du changement social et structurel au cours de l'histoire. L'article suggère qu'il est temps de libérer la théorie économique de cette idée obsessionnelle d'équilibre. Il faut plutôt concevoir le marché comme un réseau complexe de règles, d'organisations et d'institutions qui rendent le changement économique viable. Cette approche invite l'économie à un dialogue fructueux avec les autres domaines de la connaissance pour comprendre à la fois les crises et les réussites des processus de changement économique.

Suggested Citation

  • Ingrao Bruna, 2004. "The Equilibrium Image of the Market," Journal des Economistes et des Etudes Humaines, De Gruyter, vol. 14(2), pages 1-20, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bpj:jeehcn:v:14:y:2004:i:2:n:7
    DOI: 10.2202/1145-6396.1129
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Amendola, Mario & Gaffard, Jean-Luc, 1998. "Out of Equilibrium," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198293804.
    2. Kenny, Charles & Williams, David, 2001. "What Do We Know About Economic Growth? Or, Why Don't We Know Very Much?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 29(1), pages 1-22, January.
    3. George B.Richardson, 1995. "The Theory of the Market Economy," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 46(6), pages 1487-1496.
    4. Ranis, Gustav & Stewart, Frances & Ramirez, Alejandro, 2000. "Economic Growth and Human Development," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 28(2), pages 197-219, February.
    5. Viktor Vanberg, 2004. "The rationality postulate in economics: its ambiguity, its deficiency and its evolutionary alternative," Journal of Economic Methodology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 11(1), pages 1-29.
    6. Jonathan Temple, 1999. "The New Growth Evidence," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 37(1), pages 112-156, March.
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