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New Bilateralism in the Asia–Pacific

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  • Peter Lloyd

Abstract

This paper reviews recent changes in the geographic pattern of regional trading agreements (RTAs), focusing on examples from the Asia–Pacific area. The general pattern is one of new bilateral agreements combined with a trend towards continentalism. The new trend towards bilateralism can be explained largely by a fear of countries being excluded from their major markets as other countries secure preferential and superior access to these markets. This pattern is creating many intersections between RTAs with consequential multi–tiered preferences and multiple systems of trade rules. Viewed dynamically, however, this pattern may have positive effects on world trade. It mitigates the effects of large continental RTAs and may lead to coalescence or enlargement of RTAs. The paper reviews models which ask the important question as to whether this process will progress all the way to free trade for the world economy.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter Lloyd, 2002. "New Bilateralism in the Asia–Pacific," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(9), pages 1279-1296, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:worlde:v:25:y:2002:i:9:p:1279-1296
    DOI: 10.1111/1467-9701.00492
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    Cited by:

    1. Baldwin, Richard, 2008. "Big-Think Regionalism: a Critical Survey," CEPR Discussion Papers 6874, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    2. Jong‐Wha Lee & Innwon Park, 2005. "Free Trade Areas in East Asia: Discriminatory or Non‐discriminatory?," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(1), pages 21-48, January.
    3. Innwon Park, 2009. "Regional Trade Agreements in East Asia: Will They Be Sustainable?," Asian Economic Journal, East Asian Economic Association, vol. 23(2), pages 169-194, June.
    4. Ronald J. Wonnacott, 2011. "Preferential Liberalisation in a Hub-and-Spoke Configuration versus a Free Trade Area," Chapters, in: Miroslav N. Jovanović (ed.), International Handbook on the Economics of Integration, Volume I, chapter 6, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    5. Innwon Park, 2006. "East Asian Regional Trade Agreements: Do They Promote Global Free Trade?," Pacific Economic Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 11(4), pages 547-568, December.
    6. Hyun-Hoon Lee & Peter J. Lloyd & Chung-Mo Koo, 2002. "New Regionalism in East Asia and its Relationship with the WTO and APEC," International Area Studies Review, Center for International Area Studies, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, vol. 5(2), pages 87-103, September.
    7. Kawai, Masahiro, 2005. "East Asian economic regionalism: progress and challenges," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 16(1), pages 29-55, February.

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