Een Monte‐Carlo‐bepaling van overschrijdingskansen, in verband met een keuzetest

A Monte‐Carlo method for a test of significance, applied to points on a lattice, in connection with a vocational preference test, by C. A. G, Nass. Appendix by Constance van Eeden. A periodical rectangular lattice, with a period of k.m, is considered. Thus there are N = k.m points on the lattice, repeated in the two perpendicular directions. Two points are said to be “connected” if they are adjacent in a straight or diagonal way. Thus, if k and m 3, every point is connected with 8 other pooints. Out of the N points of the lattice, n points are selected and the total number of connections x, of all possible pairs of those n points is considered for a vocational preference test with k = m = 9, N = 81, n = 10. The problem is to test whether the sum y = x1+…+ x*** from a sample of h values of x, is significantly small, under the hypothesis that in the h cases the n points are selected at random with equal chance. A Monte‐Carlo sample of 100 values of x was taken, using random numbers. For h = 1, the problem was solved by the determination of P(yx1), assuming that y is taken at random from the 101 values of x, supplied by the Monte‐Carlo sample and x1 for fixed values of x1. For h ‐ 2, a similar solution is given. For greater values of h, Student's two‐sample test, with correction for continuity is suggested. For h = 2 the results of Student's test are compared with those of the solution mentioned above. In the appendix a summary is given of results found by P.A.P Moran and P. V. Krishna Iyer for some closely related problems. Further some results concerning exact distributions, moments and asymptotic distributions for C. A. G. Nass' problem are given. The proofs of these results may be found in a paper by C. van Eeden and A. R. Bloemena (1959).