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Generalizing the information content for stepped wedge designs: A marginal modeling approach

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  • Fan Li
  • Jessica Kasza
  • Elizabeth L. Turner
  • Paul J. Rathouz
  • Andrew B. Forbes
  • John S. Preisser

Abstract

Stepped wedge trials are increasingly adopted because practical constraints necessitate staggered roll‐out. While a complete design requires clusters to collect data in all periods, resource and patient‐centered considerations may call for an incomplete stepped wedge design to minimize data collection burden. To study incomplete designs, we expand the metric of information content to discrete outcomes. We operate under a marginal model with general link and variance functions, and derive information content expressions when data elements (cells, sequences, periods) are omitted. We show that the centrosymmetric patterns of information content can hold for discrete outcomes with the variance‐stabilizing link function. We perform numerical studies under the canonical link function, and find that while the patterns of information content for cells are approximately centrosymmetric for all examined underlying secular trends, the patterns of information content for sequences or periods are more sensitive to the secular trend, and may be far from centrosymmetric.

Suggested Citation

  • Fan Li & Jessica Kasza & Elizabeth L. Turner & Paul J. Rathouz & Andrew B. Forbes & John S. Preisser, 2023. "Generalizing the information content for stepped wedge designs: A marginal modeling approach," Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, Danish Society for Theoretical Statistics;Finnish Statistical Society;Norwegian Statistical Association;Swedish Statistical Association, vol. 50(3), pages 1048-1067, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:scjsta:v:50:y:2023:i:3:p:1048-1067
    DOI: 10.1111/sjos.12615
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Li, Fan & Turner, Elizabeth L. & Preisser, John S., 2018. "Optimal allocation of clusters in cohort stepped wedge designs," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 257-263.
    2. Lawrie, Jock & Carlin, John B. & Forbes, Andrew B., 2015. "Optimal stepped wedge designs," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 210-214.
    3. Fan Li & Elizabeth L. Turner & John S. Preisser, 2018. "Sample size determination for GEE analyses of stepped wedge cluster randomized trials," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 74(4), pages 1450-1458, December.
    4. Jessica Kasza & Andrew B. Forbes, 2019. "Information content of cluster–period cells in stepped wedge trials," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 75(1), pages 144-152, March.
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