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The National Flood Insurance Program: Is It Financially Sound?

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  • Terry Dinan
  • Perry Beider
  • David Wylie

Abstract

This article uses data provided by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, which implements the NFIP, to estimate the difference between annual premiums and expected costs associated for the program as a whole and for inland and coastal regions. In addition, we examine the role of discounts, cross‐subsidies, and FEMA's method of setting what it considers to be full‐risk rates in explaining the outcomes that we observe.

Suggested Citation

  • Terry Dinan & Perry Beider & David Wylie, 2019. "The National Flood Insurance Program: Is It Financially Sound?," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 22(1), pages 15-38, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:rmgtin:v:22:y:2019:i:1:p:15-38
    DOI: 10.1111/rmir.12116
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Okmyung Bin & Jamie Brown Kruse & Craig E. Landry, 2008. "Flood Hazards, Insurance Rates, and Amenities: Evidence From the Coastal Housing Market," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 75(1), pages 63-82, March.
    2. Carolyn Kousky, 2010. "Learning from Extreme Events: Risk Perceptions after the Flood," Land Economics, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 86(3).
    3. Craig E. Landry & Mohammad R. Jahan‐Parvar, 2011. "Flood Insurance Coverage in the Coastal Zone," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 78(2), pages 361-388, June.
    4. Charles M. Nyce & Patrick Maroney, 2011. "Are Territorial Rating Models Outdated in Residential Property Insurance Markets? Evidence From the Florida Property Insurance Market," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 14(2), pages 201-232, September.
    5. Congressional Budget Office, 2017. "The National Flood Insurance Program: Financial Soundness and Affordability," Reports 53028, Congressional Budget Office.
    6. Michio Naoi & Miki Seko & Kazuto Sumita, 2010. "Community Rating, Cross Subsidies and Underinsurance: Why so many Households in Japan do not Purchase Earthquake Insurance," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 40(4), pages 544-561, May.
    7. Carolyn Kousky, 2018. "Financing Flood Losses: A Discussion of the National Flood Insurance Program," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 21(1), pages 11-32, March.
    8. Erwann O. Michel‐Kerjan & Carolyn Kousky, 2010. "Come Rain or Shine: Evidence on Flood Insurance Purchases in Florida," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 77(2), pages 369-397, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mahkameh Zarekarizi & Vivek Srikrishnan & Klaus Keller, 2020. "Neglecting Uncertainties Biases House-Elevation Decisions to Manage Riverine Flood Risks," Papers 2001.06457, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2020.
    2. Benjamin L. Collier & Daniel Schwartz & Howard C. Kunreuther & Erwann O. Michel‐Kerjan, 2022. "Insuring large stakes: A normative and descriptive analysis of households' flood insurance coverage," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 89(2), pages 273-310, June.
    3. Kristian S. Blickle & Evan Perry & João A. C. Santos, 2024. "Do Mortgage Lenders Respond to Flood Risk?," Staff Reports 1101, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

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