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Interregional demand for workers and the effects of labour income taxation

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  • Amitrajeet A. Batabyal
  • Hamid Beladi

Abstract

We study the short‐run impacts of labour income taxation in an aggregate economy of N > 2 regions. The distinct regions demand workers. Each region is endowed with one unit of immobile capital. The aggregate economy also has one unit of labour that is mobile across the regions. All regions produce a final good with identical Cobb–Douglas production functions. The price of output is normalized to unity. We perform five tasks. First, we focus on the benchmark case in which no region taxes either capital or labour. We find the equilibrium wage, the allocation of workers across the regions, and the total income of labour and capital. Second, we study the impact of a tax τ on labour income in region 1 when the other N − 1 regions do not tax labour income. We ascertain the after‐tax return to labour in region 1, the equilibrium wage, and the allocation of labour across the regions. Third, we compute the total income of capital and labour and the tax revenue in region 1. Fourth, we discuss whether workers in region 1 are better off with a tax on labour income. Finally, we comment on the policy implications of our research. Se estudiaron los impactos a corto plazo de los impuestos sobre la renta del trabajo en una economía agregada de N > 2 regiones. Las distintas regiones requieren trabajadores. Cada región está dotada de una unidad de capital inmóvil. La economía agregada también cuenta con una unidad de trabajo que es móvil para todas las regiones. Todas las regiones producen un bien final con funciones idénticas de producción de Cobb‐Douglas. El precio de la producción se normalizó a la unidad. Se realizaron cinco tareas. En primer lugar, nos centramos en el caso de referencia en el que ninguna región impone impuestos al capital o al trabajo. Se encontró el salario de equilibrio, la asignación de trabajadores en las regiones, y el ingreso total del trabajo y el capital. En segundo lugar, se estudió el impacto de un impuesto τ sobre las rentas del trabajo en la región 1 cuando las otras N–1 regiones no gravan las rentas del trabajo. Se comprobó la declaración de impuestos del trabajo en la región 1, el salario de equilibrio y la asignación de la mano de obra entre regiones. En tercer lugar, se calcularon los ingresos totales del capital y del trabajo y los ingresos fiscales en la región 1. En cuarto lugar, se discutió si a los trabajadores de la región 1 les beneficia un impuesto sobre los ingresos laborales. Por último, se discuten las implicaciones políticas de esta investigación. 本稿では、N>2地域の経済全体における労働所得に対する課税の短期的な影響を検討する。それぞれの地域が労働者を必要としている。各地域は1単位の固定資本を持っている。また、経済全体は、地域を越えて移動可能な1単位の労働力を有している。すべての地域は、同一のCobb‐Douglas生産関数により最終財を生産する。産出物の価格は単位に正規化される。5つのタスクを実行する。第1に、我々は、いかなる地域も資本や労働に課税しないという基準のケースに焦点を当てる。均衡賃金、地域全体での労働者の配分、資本と労働の総所得を求める。第2に、我々は、他のN‐1地域が労働所得に課税しない場合の、地域1における労働所得に対する税τの影響を検討する。地域1における税引き後の労働収益、均衡賃金、地域間の労働配分を確認する。第3に、地域1の資本と労働の総所得と税収を計算する。第4に、労働所得に課税した方が地域1の労働者が豊かになるどうかを議論する。最後に、本研究の政策的含意についてのコメントを述べる。

Suggested Citation

  • Amitrajeet A. Batabyal & Hamid Beladi, 2021. "Interregional demand for workers and the effects of labour income taxation," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(3), pages 1042-1050, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:1042-1050
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12336
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Amit Batabyal & Peter Nijkamp, 2014. "Technology, Learning, and Long Run Economic Growth in Leading and Lagging Regions," ERSA conference papers ersa14p893, European Regional Science Association.
    2. Yvon Rocaboy & Aki Kangasharju & Antti Moisio & Emmanuelle Reulier, 2006. "Tax competition among municipalities in Finland," Post-Print halshs-00090287, HAL.
    3. Amitrajeet A. BATABYAL, 2018. "Note On Local Public Good Induced Spillovers Between A Leading And A Lagging Region," Regional Science Inquiry, Hellenic Association of Regional Scientists, vol. 0(2), pages 11-16, July.
    4. Bucovetsky, S., 1995. "Rent seeking and tax competition," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(3), pages 337-363, November.
    5. Batabyal, Amitrajeet & Nijkamp, Peter, 2014. "Some properties of the technology gap between leading and lagging regions," MPRA Paper 71596, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Amitrajeet A. Batabyal & Peter Nijkamp, 2020. "Workplace choice, commuting costs, and wage taxation in urban and adjacent rural regions," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 65(3), pages 775-786, December.
    7. Cheryl Gray & Tracey Lane & Aristomene Varoudakis, 2007. "Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth : Lessons for Eastern Europe and Central Asia," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 6883.
    8. Daisaku Yamamoto, 2008. "Scales of regional income disparities in the USA, 1955-2003," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 8(1), pages 79-103, January.
    9. Edmark, Karin & Ågren, Hanna, 2008. "Identifying strategic interactions in Swedish local income tax policies," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(3), pages 849-857, May.
    10. Dembour, Carole & Wauthy, Xavier, 2009. "Investment in public infrastructure with spillovers and tax competition between contiguous regions," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 39(6), pages 679-687, November.
    11. Batabyal, Amitrajeet A. & Beladi, Hamid, 2015. "Knowledge goods, ordinary goods, and the effects of trade between leading and lagging regions," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(8), pages 1537-1542.
    12. Junhong Bai & Jiayu Lu & Sijia Li, 2019. "Fiscal Pressure, Tax Competition and Environmental Pollution," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 73(2), pages 431-447, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Batabyal, Amitrajeet & Beladi, Hamid, 2022. "Sustained Economic Growth and Physical Capital Taxation in a Creative Region," MPRA Paper 113899, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 17 Jul 2022.
    2. Amitrajeet A. Batabyal & Seung Jick Yoo, 2023. "Using Taxes to Attract the Creative Class in the Presence of a Region-Specific Rent," The Review of Regional Studies, Southern Regional Science Association, vol. 53(2), pages 182-191.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • H71 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - State and Local Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)

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