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Do light rail transit investments increase employment opportunities? The case of Charlotte, North Carolina

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  • Kristine Laura Canales
  • Isabelle Nilsson
  • Elizabeth Delmelle

Abstract

This paper examines whether rail transit stations tend to increase employment opportunities in nearby neighbourhoods and whether rail transit tends to be placed in neighbourhoods which connects to higher‐wage jobs. The results show no significant relative increase in the level of employment in neighbourhoods near rail stations post opening of the first light rail line in Charlotte, NC. However, the line connects to areas with significantly higher shares of high‐wage workers and industries. While creating accessibility to higher‐skilled jobs may result in greater economic impacts, it may conflict with goals of increasing employment opportunities for transit dependent, lower‐wage workers. Este artículo examina si las estaciones de tránsito ferroviario tienden a aumentar las oportunidades de empleo en los vecindarios cercanos y si el tránsito ferroviario tiende a ubicarse en vecindarios conectados a empleos mejor remunerados. Los resultados no muestran un aumento relativo significativo en el nivel de empleo en los barrios cercanos a las estaciones de tren después de la apertura de la primera línea de ferrocarril ligero en Charlotte (Carolina del Norte). Sin embargo, la línea conecta con áreas con porcentajes significativamente más altos de trabajadores e industrias con salarios elevados. Si bien la creación de acceso a empleos más cualificados puede tener como resultado un mayor impacto económico, esto puede estar en conflicto con los objetivos de aumentar las oportunidades de empleo para los trabajadores que dependen del transporte público y perciben salarios más bajos. 本稿では、鉄道のトランジットステーションが、付近の居住区 (neighbourhood)における雇用機会を増加させる傾向があるか否か、また、賃金の高い仕事につながる居住区に立地する傾向があるか否かを検討する。ノースカロライナ州のシャーロットで最初のライトレール路線が開通した後では、駅付近の居住区の雇用水準には、有意な相対的な増加は認められなかった。しかしながら、ライトレールの路線が、賃金の高い労働者と産業の割合が有意に高い地域同士を結ぶように走っていることが示された。より高度なスキルを要する職業への就業可能性を生むことにより大きな経済的影響がもたらされる可能性があるが、それがトランジットに依存する低賃金労働者のための雇用機会を増やすという目標と競合する可能性がある。

Suggested Citation

  • Kristine Laura Canales & Isabelle Nilsson & Elizabeth Delmelle, 2019. "Do light rail transit investments increase employment opportunities? The case of Charlotte, North Carolina," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 11(1), pages 189-202, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:11:y:2019:i:1:p:189-202
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12184
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    Cited by:

    1. Tornabene, Sara & Nilsson, Isabelle, 2021. "Rail transit investments and economic development: Challenges for small businesses," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    2. Elina Sukaryavichute & Elizabeth Delmelle & Colleen Hammelman, 2021. "Opportunities and challenges for small businesses in new transit neighborhoods: Understanding impacts through in‐depth interviews," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(3), pages 1025-1041, June.
    3. Liu, Chang & Bardaka, Eleni, 2023. "Transit-induced commercial gentrification: Causal inference through a difference-in-differences analysis of business microdata," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    4. Chang, Haoliang & Huang, Jianxiang & Yao, Weiran & Zhao, Weizun & Li, Lishuai, 2022. "How do new transit stations affect people's sentiment and activity? A case study based on social media data in Hong Kong," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 139-155.
    5. Shanshan Wu & Libang Ma & Lucang Wang & Xianfei Chen & Zhihao Shi, 2023. "Differences of Social Space of Rural Migrant Labor Force: The Influence of Local Quality," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-18, March.

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