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Local power: Understanding the adoption and design of county wind energy regulation

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  • Michael Lerner

Abstract

The majority of U.S. states have set targets for renewable energy, but the prospects for meeting most of these goals hinge on the willingness of local governments to allow large‐scale renewable energy projects in their communities. In this paper, I investigate how exposure to lobbying by wind developers and the actions of neighboring jurisdictions inform the adoption and design of rules for siting commercial wind farms. Using data collected from 1603 counties in 23 states, I find local policymakers are more likely to enact wind ordinances when they have more time to interact with wind developers and when neighboring counties have adopted wind ordinances or approved the construction of wind farms. I also observe that counties tend to adopt more stringent rules when more wind farms have been built in neighboring counties. This evidence suggests that efforts to scale up renewable energy generation may encounter increasing resistance from local governments. 美国大多数州都设定了可再生能源目标,但完成大多数目标的可能性取决于地方政府在“允许大型可再生能源计划在其社区中开展”一事上的意愿程度。本文中,我分析了风能开发商的游说和邻近管辖地区的行动如何影响商业风力发电厂选址规则的采纳和设计。通过住用23州的1603个县中收集的数据,我发现,当地方决策者有更多时间与风能开发商互动以及当邻近县已采纳风能发电条例或批准建设风能发电厂时,他们则更有可能通过风能发电条例。我还发现,县往往采纳更严格的规则,当邻近县已存在更多数量的风能发电厂时。这一证据暗示,加大可再生能源生产的举措可能会面临地方政府不断增加的阻力。 La mayoría de los estados de EE. UU. Han establecido objetivos para la energía renovable, pero las perspectivas de alcanzar la mayoría de estos objetivos dependen de la voluntad de los gobiernos locales de permitir proyectos de energía renovable a gran escala en sus comunidades. En este documento, investigo cómo la exposición al cabildeo por parte de los desarrolladores eólicos y las acciones de las jurisdicciones vecinas informan la adopción y el diseño de reglas para la ubicación de los parques eólicos comerciales. Utilizando datos recopilados de 1603 condados en 23 estados, encuentro que los legisladores locales tienen más probabilidades de promulgar ordenanzas eólicas cuando tienen más tiempo para interactuar con los desarrolladores eólicos y cuando los condados vecinos han adoptado ordenanzas eólicas o aprobado la construcción de parques eólicos. También observo que los condados tienden a adoptar reglas más estrictas cuando se han construido más parques eólicos en los condados vecinos. Esta evidencia sugiere que los esfuerzos para ampliar la generación de energía renovable pueden encontrar una creciente resistencia por parte de los gobiernos locales.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Lerner, 2022. "Local power: Understanding the adoption and design of county wind energy regulation," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 39(2), pages 120-142, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:39:y:2022:i:2:p:120-142
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.12447
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Jan-Niklas Meier & Paul Lehmann & Bernd Süssmuth & Stephan Wedekind, 2024. "Wind power deployment and the impact of spatial planning policies," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 87(2), pages 491-550, February.

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