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Determinants and Evaluation of Local Energy†Efficiency Initiatives from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act

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  • Taekyoung Lim
  • William M. Bowen

Abstract

This article examines variation in local†level energy†efficiency grants and corresponding initiatives from the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act (ARRA) in the United States. The analysis is based upon a hurdle model of counts of energy†efficiency grants received by 348 local governments that received these grants from 2009 to 2013, as well as 348 matched local governments that did not receive such funds. City†level characteristics including amount of federal financial support, per capita income, signaling of preferences for sustainability policies, manufacturing, and political influences are shown to be empirically important determinants of variation in local energy†efficiency initiatives. The evidence suggests that all else held equal, the $21.8 billion in ARRA funds expended with the intent of increasing local energy†efficiency programs and policies successfully led to this end.ç¾Žå›½å¤ è‹ å’Œå† æŠ•èµ„æ³•æ¡ˆä¸­åœ°æ–¹èƒ½æº æ•ˆçŽ‡å€¡è®®çš„å†³å®šå› ç´ å’Œè¯„ä»· æœ¬æ–‡æ£€éªŒäº†ç¾Žå›½åœ°æ–¹çº§èƒ½æº æ•ˆçŽ‡æ‹¨æ¬¾çš„å·®å¼‚, å Œæ—¶æ£€éªŒäº†ç¾Žå›½å¤ è‹ å’Œå† æŠ•èµ„æ³•æ¡ˆï¼ˆAmerican Recovery and Reinvestment Act, ARRAï¼‰ä¸­çš„ç›¸åº”å€¡è®®ã€‚æœ¬æ–‡çš„åˆ†æž åŸºäºŽä¸€é¡¹å…³äºŽèƒ½æº æ•ˆçŽ‡æ‹¨æ¬¾æ€»æ•°çš„æ …æ 模型（hurdle model）, 348 个地方政府曾在 2009†2013 å¹´é—´æŽ¥å —è¿‡è¿™ç±»æ‹¨æ¬¾, å Œæ ·å¯¹åº”çš„ 348 ä¸ªåœ°æ–¹æ”¿åºœå¹¶æœªæŽ¥å —åˆ°è¿™ç±»æ¬¾é¡¹ã€‚å „åœ°æ–¹èƒ½æº æ•ˆçŽ‡å€¡è®®å­˜åœ¨å·®å¼‚çš„é‡ è¦ å†³å®šå› ç´ éƒ½å±žäºŽå¸‚çº§ç‰¹è‰², åŒ…æ‹¬è ”é‚¦è´¢æ”¿æ”¯æŒ æ•°ç›®, äººå ‡æ”¶å…¥, å å¥½å ¯æŒ ç»­æ”¿ç­–çš„æ ‡å¿—, åˆ¶é€ ä¸šå½±å“ åŠ›å’Œæ”¿æ²»å½±å“ åŠ›ã€‚ç ”ç©¶è¯ æ˜Ž, å½“å…¶ä»–æ ¡ä»¶éƒ½ç›¸å Œçš„æƒ…å†µä¸‹, æ„ å›¾èŠ±è´¹ 218 äº¿ç¾Žå…ƒèµ„é‡‘ä»¥å¢žåŠ åœ°æ–¹èƒ½æº æ•ˆçŽ‡è®¡åˆ’å’Œæ”¿ç­–çš„ ARRA æ³•æ¡ˆåˆ™æˆ åŠŸåœ°å®žçŽ°äº†è¿™ä¸€ç›®æ ‡ã€‚Determinantes y Evaluación De Las Iniciativas Locales De Eficiencia Energética De La American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Este documento examina la variación en subvenciones de eficiencia energética a nivel local y las iniciativas correspondientes de la American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) en los Estados Unidos. El análisis se basa en un modelo de obstáculos a partir de cuentas de subvenciones de eficiencia energética recibidas por 348 gobiernos locales que recibieron estas subvenciones de 2009 a 2013, así como 348 gobiernos locales elegibles que no recibieron tales fondos. Las características a nivel de ciudad que incluyen el monto de apoyo financiero federal, ingresos per cápita, señalización de preferencias para políticas de sustentabilidad, la manufactura y las influencias políticas se muestran como determinantes empíricamente importantes de la variación en iniciativas locales de eficiencia energética. La evidencia muestra que, todo lo demás siendo igual, los $21,8 mil millones en fondos de ARRA utilizados con la intención de incrementar programas locales de eficiencia energética y políticas llevaron exitosamente a este resultado.

Suggested Citation

  • Taekyoung Lim & William M. Bowen, 2018. "Determinants and Evaluation of Local Energy†Efficiency Initiatives from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 35(2), pages 238-257, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:35:y:2018:i:2:p:238-257
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.12280
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    1. Lim, Taekyoung & Guzman, Tatyana S. & Bowen, William M., 2020. "Rhetoric and Reality: Jobs and the Energy Provisions of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    2. Lim, Taekyoung & Tang, Tian & Bowen, William M., 2021. "The Impact of Intergovernmental Grants on Innovation in Clean Energy and Energy Conservation: Evidence from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 148(PA).
    3. Chen Pei Zhao & Gurgen Gukasyan & Valery Bezpalov & Valeriy Prasolov, 2020. "Development of Modern Standards for Energy Efficiency of Industrial Enterprises within the European Union Policy," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 10(6), pages 451-459.
    4. Lazarus Adua & Brett Clark, 2021. "Politics and Corporate‐Sector Environmentally Significant Actions: The Effects of Political Partisanship on U.S. Utilities Energy Efficiency Policies," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 38(1), pages 31-48, January.

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