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Estimating Purchasing Power Parities from Household Expenditure Data Using Complete Demand Systems with Application to Living Standards Comparison: India and Vietnam

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  • Amita Majumder
  • Ranjan Ray
  • Kompal Sinha

Abstract

type="main"> This study departs from the previous literature on purchasing power parity (PPP) by proposing a demand system based methodology for calculating the PPP that takes account of consumer preferences and allows for the substitution effect of price changes. The methodology is used to calculate the PPP between the Indian Rupee and the Vietnamese Dong. The study allows for regional variation in preferences and price changes both inside the country and between countries. It proposes and applies a methodology for constructing prices from unit values after adjusting them for quality and demographic effects. The adjusted unit values are used as prices in the demand estimations, and the demand parameter estimates are used to calculate both spatial prices within each country and the PPP between the two countries within a consistent framework. The study illustrates the usefulness of preference consistent methods to calculate the PPP by applying the PPPs to compare living standards between India and Vietnam. The significance of the results follows from the fact that the levels of living comparisons are quite sensitive to the PPP used in converting the Rupee expenditure into Vietnamese Dong. The present results on food PPPs question the relevance of the PPPs from the ICP project in cross-country welfare comparisons especially in a period of high food inflation.

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  • Amita Majumder & Ranjan Ray & Kompal Sinha, 2015. "Estimating Purchasing Power Parities from Household Expenditure Data Using Complete Demand Systems with Application to Living Standards Comparison: India and Vietnam," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 61(2), pages 302-328, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:revinw:v:61:y:2015:i:2:p:302-328
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Amita Majumder & Ranjan Ray & Kompal Sinha, 2014. "A Unified Framework for the Estimation of Intra and Inter Country Food Purchasing Power Parities with Application to Cross Country Comparisons of Food Expenditure: India, Indonesia and Vietnam," Monash Economics Working Papers 31-14, Monash University, Department of Economics.
    2. Long Hai Vo, 2023. "Understanding International Price and Consumption Disparities," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 69(2), pages 443-473, June.
    3. Martina Menon & Federico Perali & Ranjan Ray & Nicola Tommasi, 2019. "The Tale of the Two Italies: Regional Price Parities Accounting for Differences in the Quality of Services," Working Papers 20/2019, University of Verona, Department of Economics.
    4. Amita Majumder & Ranjan Ray & Sattwik Santra, 2016. "Global and Country Poverty Rates, Welfare Rankings of the Regions and Purchasing Power Parities: How Robust Are the Results?," Monash Economics Working Papers 11-16, Monash University, Department of Economics.
    5. Menggen Chen & Yan Wang & D. S. Prasada Rao, 2020. "Measuring the spatial price differences in China with regional price parity methods," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(4), pages 1103-1146, April.
    6. Manisha Chakrabarty & Amita Majumder & Ranjan Ray, 2018. "A Framework for the Simultaneous Measurement of Spatial Variation and Temporal Movement in Prices in a Heterogeneous Country: The Dynamic Household Regional Product Dummy Model," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 64(3), pages 703-730, September.
    7. José‐María Montero & Tiziana Laureti & Román Mínguez & Gema Fernández‐Avilés, 2020. "A Stochastic Model with Penalized Coefficients for Spatial Price Comparisons: An Application to Regional Price Indexes in Italy," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 66(3), pages 512-533, September.
    8. Hai Long Vo & Duc Hong Vo, 2023. "The purchasing power parity and exchange‐rate economics half a century on," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(2), pages 446-479, April.
    9. Laureti, Tiziana & Prasada Rao, D.S., 2018. "Measuring Spatial Price Level Differences within a Country: Current status and Future Developments /Medición de las diferencias de nivel de precios espaciales dentro de un país: Estado actual y evoluc," Estudios de Economia Aplicada, Estudios de Economia Aplicada, vol. 36, pages 119-148, Enero.
    10. Amita Majumder & Ranjan Ray, 2020. "National and subnational purchasing power parity: a review," DECISION: Official Journal of the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, Springer;Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, vol. 47(2), pages 103-124, June.
    11. Majumder, Amita & Ray, Ranjan & Santra, Sattwik, 2021. "Should commodity tax rates be uniform across regions in a heterogeneous country? Evidence from India," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 43(6), pages 1310-1331.
    12. Luigi Biggeri & Tiziana Laureti & Federico Polidoro, 2017. "Computing Sub-national PPPs with CPI Data: An Empirical Analysis on Italian Data Using Country Product Dummy Models," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 131(1), pages 93-121, March.
    13. Chunyun Wang & Xiaoxi Yu & Jiang Zhao, 2022. "Identifying the Real Income Disparity in Prefecture-Level Cities in China: Measurement of Subnational Purchasing Power Parity Based on the Stochastic Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-24, August.
    14. Manisha Chakrabarty & Amita Majumder & Ranjan Ray, 2015. "Preferences, Spatial Prices and Inequality," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(11), pages 1488-1501, November.
    15. Ranjan Ray, 2017. "The Role of Prices in Welfare Comparisons: Methodological Developments and a Selective Survey of the Empirical Literature," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 93(301), pages 314-332, June.
    16. Majumder Amita & Ray Ranjan & Santra Sattwik, 2017. "Sensitivity of Purchasing Power Parity Estimates to Estimation Procedures and their Effect on Living Standards Comparisons," Journal of Globalization and Development, De Gruyter, vol. 8(1), pages 1-25, June.
    17. Amita Majumder & Ranjan Ray, 2015. "Estimates of Spatial Prices in India and their Sensitivity to Alternative Estimation Methods and Choice of Items," Monash Economics Working Papers 11-15, Monash University, Department of Economics.
    18. Amita Majumder & Ranjan Ray & Sattwick Santra, 2019. "The Calculation of Spatial Prices in the Absence of Unit Values: Alternative Methodologies with Empirical Evidence from India," Monash Economics Working Papers 12-18, Monash University, Department of Economics.
    19. Majumder,Amita & Ray,Ranjan & Santra,Sattwik, 2015. "Preferences, purchasing power parity, and inequality : analytical framework, propositions, and empirical evidence," Policy Research Working Paper Series 7395, The World Bank.

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