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The Value in Targeting Institutional Investors: Evidence from the Five‐or‐Fewer Rule Change

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  • David H. Downs

Abstract

This article examines a recent relaxation in the ownership qualifications for real estate investment trusts that is popularly referred to as the five‐or‐fewer rule change. The motivation for this rule change leads to an analogy between the ownership change process and an industry‐wide investor targeting strategy. The findings reveal a significant wealth effect based on the targeting strategy; however, there is no evidence to suggest this heterogeneous effect was intended. In addition, the targeted investors' ex post trading behavior is linked directly to the targeting strategy. These findings support the value‐based strategy of targeting institutional investors where, in this case, value creation is associated with the increased concentration of a dispersed base of sophisticated investors.

Suggested Citation

  • David H. Downs, 1998. "The Value in Targeting Institutional Investors: Evidence from the Five‐or‐Fewer Rule Change," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 26(4), pages 613-649, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:reesec:v:26:y:1998:i:4:p:613-649
    DOI: 10.1111/1540-6229.00759
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    Cited by:

    1. David C. Ling & Chongyu Wang & Tingyu Zhou, 2021. "Institutional common ownership and firm value: Evidence from real estate investment trusts," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 49(1), pages 187-223, March.
    2. Erik Devos & Seow-Eng Ong & Andrew Spieler & Desmond Tsang, 2013. "REIT Institutional Ownership Dynamics and the Financial Crisis," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 47(2), pages 266-288, August.
    3. Heng An & Qun Wu & Zhonghua Wu, 2016. "REIT Crash Risk and Institutional Investors," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 53(4), pages 527-558, November.
    4. James Chong & Alexandra Krystalogianni & Simon Stevenson, "undated". "Dynamic Correlations across REIT Sub-Sectors," Real Estate & Planning Working Papers rep-wp2011-07, Henley Business School, University of Reading.
    5. H. Swint Friday & G. Stacy Sirmans & C. Mitchell Conover, 1999. "Ownership Structure and the Value of the Firm: The Case of REITs," Journal of Real Estate Research, American Real Estate Society, vol. 17(1), pages 71-90.
    6. Ebrahim, M. Shahid & Mathur, Ike, 2013. "On the efficiency of the UPREIT organizational form: Implications for the subprime crisis and CDO's," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 286-305.
    7. Crystal Lin & Hamid Rahman & Kenneth Yung, 2009. "Investor Sentiment and REIT Returns," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 39(4), pages 450-471, November.
    8. Erik Devos & Seow Ong & Andrew Spieler, 2007. "Analyst Activity and Firm Value: Evidence from the REIT Sector," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 35(3), pages 333-356, October.
    9. Daniel Huerta-Sanchez & Diego Escobari, 2018. "Changes in sentiment on REIT industry excess returns and volatility," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer;Swiss Society for Financial Market Research, vol. 32(3), pages 239-274, August.
    10. Jonathan Wiley & Leonard Zumpano, 2009. "Institutional Investment and the Turn-of-the-Month Effect: Evidence from REITs," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 39(2), pages 180-201, August.
    11. Kiplan Womack, 2012. "Real Estate Mergers: Corporate Control & Shareholder Wealth," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 44(4), pages 446-471, May.
    12. Hartzell, Jay C. & Sun, Libo & Titman, Sheridan, 2014. "Institutional investors as monitors of corporate diversification decisions: Evidence from real estate investment trusts," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 61-72.
    13. James Chong & Alexandra Krystalogianni & Simon Stevenson, 2012. "Dynamic correlations between REIT sub-sectors and the implications for diversification," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(13), pages 1089-1109, July.
    14. David C. Ling & Chongyu Wang & Tingyu Zhou, 2021. "The Geography of Real Property Information and Investment: Firm Location, Asset Location and Institutional Ownership," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 49(1), pages 287-331, March.
    15. J. Mulherin & Kiplan Womack, 2015. "Competition, Auctions & Negotiations in REIT Takeovers," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 50(2), pages 151-180, February.

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